Electron beam - Denshisen

[ I ] A beam of free electrons emitted into a vacuum, and is used almost synonymously with cathode rays. It is usually obtained by thermionic emission. The energy of an electron beam is often expressed in accelerating voltage V (volts). The wavelength λ is expressed in nm,

λ =
Devices that use electron beams include cathode ray oscillographs, electron diffraction, and electron microscopes. [ II ] Electron beams with energies between 1 and 10 MeV are most commonly used as high-energy radiation. Their penetrating power in matter is much smaller than that of X-rays, and their linear energy transfer (LET) is large, but their radiation chemical effect on matter is essentially the same as that of X-rays and gamma rays. The penetration depth into a material with a density of 1 g cm ^-3 is approximately half the energy expressed in MeV, or cm; for example, if the energy is 1 MeV and the material is water, it is approximately 5 mm. There are several types of electron accelerators, including the Van de Graaff accelerator and linear accelerators. Pulsed electron beams are used as radiation for pulse radiolysis.

Source: Morikita Publishing "Chemical Dictionary (2nd Edition)" Information about the Chemical Dictionary 2nd Edition

【Ⅰ】真空中に放射された自由電子のビームをいい，陰極線とほとんど同義に用いられる．普通には，熱電子放出により得られる．電子線のエネルギーは加速電圧V(ボルト)で表されることが多い．波長λは，nm の単位で，

λ ＝
で与えられる．電子線を利用する装置にはブラウン管オシログラフ，電子回折，電子顕微鏡などがある．【Ⅱ】高エネルギー放射線としての電子線は1～10 MeV のエネルギーのものがもっともよく用いられる．物質中での透過力はX線に比べてはるかに小さく，線エネルギー付与(LET)は大きいが，物質に対する放射線化学的作用はX線やγ線と本質的には同じである．密度1 g cm^－3 の物質中への進入度は MeV で表したエネルギーのほぼ1/2の cm で，たとえばエネルギーが1 MeV で物質が水の場合，約5 mm である．電子加速装置としてはバンデグラフ加速器，線形加速器など数種類がある．パルス化した電子線はパルス放射線分解用放射線に用いる．

出典　森北出版「化学辞典（第2版）」化学辞典 第2版について　情報