Vulcanus (English spelling) Vulcānus

Japanese: ウルカヌス - うるかぬす(英語表記)Vulcānus
Vulcanus (English spelling) Vulcānus

The ancient Roman god of fire. He was also the patron deity of Rome, but the origin of his name has long been unclear. His festival, Vulcanaria (August 23rd), is one of the oldest festival days in Rome, and it is believed that Vulcan worship dates back to ancient times. A place of worship called Vulcanal was located on the slope of Capitol Hill, which played a very important role in the legend of Romulus, the founder of Rome. However, there was no temple there, but an open space called the "Forum of Vulcan" where an altar was set up. The only ritual that has been passed down about the Vulcanaria festival is the throwing of live fish into the fire, and as a god of scorching heat, he may have been especially revered during the harvest season, when the hot and dry periods of August overlap. Later, he was identified with the Greek god Hephaestus.

[Teruo Ito]

[References] | Hephaestus

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

古代ローマの火神。ローマの守護神としての性格も備えていたらしいが、その名の由来は早くから不明とされている。その祝祭「ウルカナリア」Vulcānālia(8月23日)は、ローマでも最古の祭日に数えられており、ウルカヌス信仰はきわめて古くからあったと推察される。ウルカナルとよばれる祭祀(さいし)の場所がカピトルの丘の斜面にあったが、これはローマ建国のロムルス伝説ではかなり重要な役割をもった。しかしそこには神殿がなく、祭壇の設けられた「ウルカヌスの広場」と称される空き地であった。ウルカナリアの祭典について伝えられている唯一の儀式は、生きている魚を火中へ投ずるというもので、灼熱(しゃくねつ)の神として、8月の炎熱期と渇水期が重なる時節、つまり収穫期にとくに畏怖(いふ)されたとも考えられる。のちに、ギリシアのヘファイストスと同一視された。

[伊藤照夫]

[参照項目] | ヘファイストス

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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