Bolk, Louis

Japanese: ボルク(英語表記)Bolk, Louis
Bolk, Louis
[Born] 1866
[Died] 1930
Dutch zoologist. He compared the morphology of humans and apes, and considered their phylogenetic relationship based on the results. He calculated the ratio of brain weight to body weight and found that adult humans are closer to fetuses than adult apes, and recognized similarities between adult humans and ape fetuses in terms of the lack of fusion of the skull and the angle between the axis of the skull and the spine (1926). Based on these findings, he argued that adult humans should correspond to ape fetuses in phylogenetic development. This idea denied E. Haeckel's theory of recapitulation (→ principle of biogenesis), and had an impact on evolutionary science.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
[生]1866
[没]1930
オランダの動物学者。ヒトと類人猿との間で形態の比較を行い,それに基づいて両者の系統発生上の関係について考察。体重に対する脳の重量の割合を算出して,ヒトの成体が類人猿の成体より胎児に近いことを見出し,頭蓋骨が癒着していないことおよび頭骨の軸と脊椎とのなす角に関して,ヒトの成体と類人猿胎児との間に類似性のあることを認めた (1926) 。これらを論拠に,系統発生において,ヒト成体と類人猿胎児とを対応させるべきであると主張。これは E.ヘッケルの反復説 (→生物発生原則 ) を否定する考え方で,進化学に影響を及ぼした。

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