Philosophe

Japanese: philosophe
Philosophe

...We can also trace the distant origins of Diderot and d'Holbach's dynamic materialism to Cyrano, and the criticism of religion by the humanists, the libertine, was often repeated in the 18th century. This became the mainstream of the era, but those who were not supporters of the Enlightenment would no longer be called libertine but philosophers (philosophes). Next, the free thinkers were deists who emerged in England in the late 17th and early 18th centuries, and they preached a natural religion based on human innate reason rather than on supernatural revelation, or they tried to subject irrational elements such as prophecies and miracles recorded in the Bible to verification by human reason.

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "philosophe" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…またディドロやドルバックのダイナミックな唯物論の遠い淵源をシラノに求めることもできるし,人文学者リベルタンの宗教批判は18世紀にもしばしば繰り返された)。そしてそれはまさに時代の主潮となるが,啓蒙思想のにない手たちはもはやリベルタンではなく〈哲学者(フィロゾーフphilosophe)〉と呼ばれることになるだろう。 つぎにフリー・シンカーとは17世紀末,18世紀初めのイギリスに輩出した理神論者で,超自然的な啓示によらず,人間本来の理性に基づく〈自然宗教natural religion〉を説き,あるいは聖書に記されている預言や奇跡などの非合理的要素を人間理性による検証にゆだねようとした。…

※「philosophe」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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