An aromatic ketone. It is also known as methyl phenyl ketone or acetylbenzene. It is naturally found in labdanum oil and sea anemone incense. It is synthesized by the Friedel-Crafts reaction of benzene and acetyl chloride. To isolate it from natural products, it is distilled and then crystallized. It is a colorless liquid with a unique sweet aroma that solidifies when cooled. It is practically insoluble in water, but is highly soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol (ethyl alcohol) and ether. It turns orange-yellow when it comes into contact with concentrated sulfuric acid. When it reacts with an alkali and a halogen, it produces haloform CHX 3 (X is a halogen) and benzoic acid C 6 H 5 COOH (haloform reaction). It is used as a raw material in the manufacture of fragrances. It was previously used as a sleeping drug under the name Hypnon. [Masahiro Hirota] [References] | | | | [Supplementary information] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
芳香族ケトンの一つ。メチルフェニルケトン、アセチルベンゼンともいう。天然にはラブダナム油やウミダヌキ香に含まれている。 ベンゼンと塩化アセチルとのフリーデル‐クラフツ反応により合成する。天然物から分離するには、蒸留したのち結晶化させる。独特の甘い芳香をもつ無色の液体で、冷却すると固化する。水にはほとんど溶けないが、エタノール(エチルアルコール)、エーテルなどの有機溶媒にはよく溶ける。濃硫酸と接触させると橙黄(とうこう)色となる。アルカリとハロゲンを反応させるとハロホルムCHX3(Xはハロゲン)と安息香酸C6H5COOHを生成する(ハロホルム反応)。香料製造の原料に用いられる。以前はヒプノンの名で催眠剤に用いた。 [廣田 穰] [参照項目] | | | | [補完資料] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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