Acetophenone - acetophenone

Japanese: アセトフェノン - あせとふぇのん(英語表記)acetophenone
Acetophenone - acetophenone

An aromatic ketone. It is also known as methyl phenyl ketone or acetylbenzene. It is naturally found in labdanum oil and sea anemone incense.

It is synthesized by the Friedel-Crafts reaction of benzene and acetyl chloride. To isolate it from natural products, it is distilled and then crystallized. It is a colorless liquid with a unique sweet aroma that solidifies when cooled. It is practically insoluble in water, but is highly soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol (ethyl alcohol) and ether. It turns orange-yellow when it comes into contact with concentrated sulfuric acid. When it reacts with an alkali and a halogen, it produces haloform CHX 3 (X is a halogen) and benzoic acid C 6 H 5 COOH (haloform reaction). It is used as a raw material in the manufacture of fragrances. It was previously used as a sleeping drug under the name Hypnon.

[Masahiro Hirota]

[References] | Acetyl chloride | Haloform reaction | Friedel-Crafts reaction | Benzene [Supplementary information] | Acetophenone (Data Note)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

芳香族ケトンの一つ。メチルフェニルケトン、アセチルベンゼンともいう。天然にはラブダナム油やウミダヌキ香に含まれている。

 ベンゼンと塩化アセチルとのフリーデル‐クラフツ反応により合成する。天然物から分離するには、蒸留したのち結晶化させる。独特の甘い芳香をもつ無色の液体で、冷却すると固化する。水にはほとんど溶けないが、エタノール(エチルアルコール)、エーテルなどの有機溶媒にはよく溶ける。濃硫酸と接触させると橙黄(とうこう)色となる。アルカリとハロゲンを反応させるとハロホルムCHX3(Xはハロゲン)と安息香酸C6H5COOHを生成する(ハロホルム反応)。香料製造の原料に用いられる。以前はヒプノンの名で催眠剤に用いた。

[廣田 穰]

[参照項目] | 塩化アセチル | ハロホルム反応 | フリーデル‐クラフツ反応 | ベンゼン[補完資料] | アセトフェノン(データノート)

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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