A concept of Italian history, there are various definitions, but here we follow the view of Catholic leftist historiography that developed after World War II. The historical background to the formation of the movement was the abolition of church privileges and the progress of separation of church and state after the French Revolution, as well as the corresponding transformation of the church structure, namely the decline of the power of bishops in various regions and the movement to centralize power in the hands of the Pope. However, the more direct trigger was Pope Pius IX's withdrawal from the Italian War of Independence in 1848 and the rapid reaction that followed. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
イタリア史の概念で,その定義には諸説があるが,ここでは第2次大戦後発達したカトリック左派史学の見解にしたがう。運動成立の歴史的背景となったのは,フランス革命以降の教会諸特権の廃止と政教分離の進行,また,それに対応する教会機構の変容,すなわち各地の司教権力の衰退と教皇への中央集権化の動きである。しかし,より直接的な契機となったのは,1848年における教皇ピウス9世のイタリア独立戦争からの脱落とその後の急速な反動化だった。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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