Fanli - Hanrei

Date of birth and death unknown. A great official of Yue in the late Spring and Autumn period in China. He is said to have been one of the three families of Chu. He entered Yue together with Great Official Zhong (Wen Zhong) and served Goujian, where he was highly valued. After Yue was defeated by King Fuchai of Wu in 494 BC, he waited patiently for the right time and destroyed Wu in 473 BC. However, Fan Li resigned from Goujian, who had become the hegemon, and left for Qi, where he took the name Shiyi Zipi and worked hard in industry, making a fortune. The people of Qi recommended him to be Prime Minister, but he thought it would be unlucky to hold the honorable title for so long, so he divided his assets among his friends and moved to Tao (Dingtao County, Shandong Province), a key transportation hub. There he made a fortune again and called himself Tao Zhugong. Of the seven strategies of his teacher Jieran, five of them helped him turn King Goujian of Yue into his ruler, and the remaining two helped him make a fortune.It is said that he moved residence three times during his lifetime, making a name for himself each time, and his name is remembered in books such as "Fan Li Jieran" and "Tao Zhu Gong's Encyclopedia of Wealth."

[Kazutoshi Iijima]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

生没年不詳。中国、春秋時代末期の越(えつ)の大夫(たいふ)。楚(そ)の三戸(さんこ)の人と伝えられる。大夫種(しょう)（文種(ぶんしょう)）とともに越に入り、勾践(こうせん)に仕えて重用された。紀元前494年、呉(ご)王の夫差に越が敗れてのち、苦心して時を待ち、前473年呉を滅ぼした。しかし范蠡は、覇者となった勾践のもとを辞して斉(せい)に去り、鴟夷子皮(しいしひ)と名のり、産業に努め巨富を築いた。斉の人は彼を宰相に推したが、「久しく尊名を受くるは不祥なり」と考え、資産を友人たちに分与し、交通の要衝、陶(とう)（山東省定陶県）に移住した。そこでふたたび巨富を築き、陶朱公と称した。彼は師である計然(けいぜん)の七策のうち五策で越王勾践を覇者とし、残りの二策で富を築き、在世中、三度住まいを移し、そのたびに名を表したと伝えられ、『范蠡計然』『陶朱公致富奇書』などの書名に名をとどめることになった。

［飯島和俊］

出典　小学館　日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について　情報 | 凡例