Horse keeping - Umakai no Miyatsuko

…Under the Taiho and Yoro ryo systems, there were left and right horse bureaus, each of which had officials such as head, assistant, Dainobu, Shonobu, Ozoku, Shozoku, and veterinary surgeon, as well as 60 mebu (horsemen) and caretakers. Originally, horses for the Imperial Court were brought as tribute from the eastern provinces and kept by groups led by umakai no miyatsuko (horse-keeping officials) who lived in Yamato, Kawachi, and other areas, and the ryo system continued this system. The left and right horse bureaus were each staffed by caretakers, and caretakers from the caretakers took turns serving at the bureau, with the umakai no miyatsuko leading them as horsemen. …

*Some of the terminology that refers to "Umakaizo" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…大宝･養老令制では左右馬寮があり，それぞれに頭，助，大允，少允，大属，少属，馬医（うまのくすし）等の官人と，馬部（めぶ）60人，飼丁等が所属した。元来，朝廷の馬は東国などから貢上され，大和，河内などに住む馬飼造（うまかいのみやつこ）のひきいる集団によって飼育されており，令制もその体制を継承した。左右の馬寮には飼戸が所属し，飼戸からは飼丁が交代で馬寮に出仕し，馬飼造が馬部としてこれを統率した。…

※「馬飼造」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報