Walking trip. Meaning "migratory bird" in German. The word originates from the fact that students in medieval Germany traveled from one university to another in search of a good teacher, and so these students were called "migratory birds." These students would carry a large basket on their backs, carry all the things they needed, and travel on foot, sleeping outdoors. This inspired the start of the walking trip movement, which was started by students at the Steglitz Gymnasium in Germany in 1895. Karl Fischer, the leader of this movement, protested that the education at gymnasiums at the time was meaningless because it was dry and focused on classical language studies, and insisted that a more human and lively education was needed. He left the gymnasium himself and began activities such as studying history by visiting historical sites, studying biology and geology by collecting plants and minerals, singing local folk songs and dancing folk dances, and learning about local industries. In 1897, this movement was named "Wandervogel" and an organization was established in Berlin to spread it throughout Germany. Thus, many gymnasium students began to travel from place to place, and also focused on acquiring skills for camping, crossing mountain passes, walking along ridges, and climbing mountains. This movement triggered the active development of the "Youth Movement" (Jugendbewegung) and the "Youth Hostel Movement," which had a major impact on the educational thought of the time. Wandervogel was introduced to Japan in the 1930s, and after World War II, Wandervogel clubs began to operate independently, separate from mountaineering clubs, mainly at universities. However, the original spirit of the Wandervogel movement has been forgotten, and the current situation is that only sports-related activities are carried out. → Related topics Camping Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information |
徒歩旅行。ドイツで〈渡り鳥〉の意。ドイツ中世の学生たちが優れた先生を求めてあちこちの大学を渡り歩いたので,この学生たちのことを〈渡り鳥〉と呼んだのが語源。この学生たちは背中に大きな籠(かご)を背負って,必要なものを一式持ち歩き,野宿をして徒歩旅行をしていた。これにヒントを得てスタートしたのが,1895年のドイツのシュテーグリッツ・ギムナジウムの生徒たちが始めた徒歩旅行運動である。この運動のリーダーであったカール・フィッシャーKarl Fischerは,当時のギムナジウムの教育が古典語学習を中心とした無味乾燥な授業で意味がないと抗議し,もっと血の通った生きた教育が必要であると主張して自らギムナジウムを飛び出し,史跡を訪ね歩きながら歴史の勉強をしたり,植物や鉱物を採集しながら生物学や地質学を学んだり,地方の民謡を歌いフォーク・ダンスを踊り,地場産業について学んだりする活動を展開した。1897年には,この運動を〈ワンダーフォーゲル〉と名づけ,ドイツ全土に普及させるための組織がベルリンに設立された。かくして,多くのギムナジウムの学生たちが各地を渡り歩くようになり,野営生活の技術や峠越え,尾根歩き,山登りの技術の修得にも力を入れるようになっていった。この運動がきっかけになって,当時の教育思想に大きな影響を及ぼした〈青年運動Jugendbewegung〉や〈ユース・ホステル運動youth hostel movement〉が活発に展開された。日本には1930年代に紹介され,第2次大戦後は大学を中心に山岳部とは別個のワンダーフォーゲル部が独自に活動を始めている。しかし,ワンダーフォーゲル活動が起こった当初の精神が忘れられており,もっぱら,体育会系の活動だけが展開されているのが現状である。 →関連項目キャンプ 出典 株式会社平凡社百科事典マイペディアについて 情報 |
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