Acetylcholinesterase

Japanese: アセチルコリンエステラーゼ
Acetylcholinesterase

EC 3.1.1.7. Enzymes that cleave the ester bond of acetylcholine.

Acetylcholine + H2O → choline + acetate

In acetylcholineergic neurons, acetylcholine is secreted from the nerve terminal towards the synaptic gap, transmitting information to the next neuron, but there is a mechanism in place to prevent this information from continuing to be transmitted indefinitely. One such mechanism is decomposition by acetylcholinesterase. Organophosphate compounds used as chemical weapons and pesticides are inhibitors of this enzyme and act as neurotoxins. It is similar to the serine enzyme, a proteolytic enzyme, in that it has serine at its active center. It is synthesized in liver cells as well as the nervous system and secreted into the blood. Its blood concentration decreases early on in liver damage, so it is used in liver function tests. [See other terms] Sarin [CAS 9000-81-1]

Source: Morikita Publishing "Chemical Dictionary (2nd Edition)" Information about the Chemical Dictionary 2nd Edition

Japanese:

EC 3.1.1.7.アセチルコリンのエステル結合を切断する酵素.

アセチルコリン + H2O → コリン + 酢酸

アセチルコリン作動性ニューロンでは,神経終末からシナプス間げきに向かってアセチルコリンが分泌され,次のニューロンに情報が伝えられるが,情報がいつまでも伝わり続けないようにする仕組みが備わっている.その一つがアセチルコリンエステラーゼによる分解である.化学兵器や農薬として用いられている有機リン化合物は,本酵素の阻害剤で神経毒としてはたらく.活性中心にセリンを有する点で,タンパク質分解酵素のセリン酵素と似ている.神経系のほか肝細胞でも合成され,血液中に分泌されている.肝障害の早期から血中濃度が低下するので,肝機能検査に利用されている.[別用語参照]サリン[CAS 9000-81-1]

出典 森北出版「化学辞典(第2版)」化学辞典 第2版について 情報

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