The most famous decision in establishing the system of judicial review was made in 1803 by the United States Supreme Court. The United States Constitution (federal constitution) did not explicitly state that the courts had the power to review legislation. And while there was a general agreement that federal courts could review state constitutions and laws to the extent necessary to resolve specific cases, opinions were divided on federal law, with republican thinkers prevailing that the courts could only exercise the power to review provisions relating to the power of the judicial branch. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
違憲立法審査制の確立の上で最も有名な1803年に出された合衆国最高裁判所の判決。合衆国憲法(連邦憲法)は,裁判所の違憲立法審査権については明文を置いていなかった。そして,連邦の裁判所が,具体的事件の解決に必要な限りにおいて,州の憲法・法律が連邦憲法に反するか否かを審査できることについてはほぼ意見が一致していたが,連邦の法律については見解が分かれ,共和派的な考えをとる人々には,裁判所は司法部の権限に関する規定についてのみ違憲立法審査権を行使できるという考えが強かった。
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