Vavalatus - Vavalatus

Japanese: ウァバラトゥス - うぁばらとぅす

...This oasis city was a base for caravans ruled by merchant aristocrats, but in the first half of the 3rd century, when Odaenathus took control, he built up military power and was entrusted with the defense of the east in place of Rome, whose Persian front was weakened due to internal turmoil. After her husband's death, a woman named Zenobia took real power and became the de facto queen, supporting her son Vaballathus and declaring independence from Rome (271). At one time, it ruled from Anatolia to the Nile River basin and seemed to have built a ``caravan empire,'' but it was destroyed by Emperor Aurelian in 273.

From Zenobia

…Odaenathus defeated the Sassanid Persians, who were threatening the Roman East, and was appointed by Rome as the administrative prefect of the East. Zenobia always marched with her husband and even commanded the army herself. After her husband was assassinated in 267, Zenobia made her young son Vaballathus king of Palmyra and called herself queen, seizing real power. At the time, she was suffering from the invasion of Germanic tribes, and she sought complete independence from Rome and to expand her territory. She invited the Greek philosopher Longinus as her diplomatic advisor, brought Syria under her control, and sent troops to Egypt and Asia Minor to conquer them. …

From Palmyra

…In the mid-3rd century, the chief of Palmyra, Odaenathus, repelled the Sassanid Persian invasion from the East and was given the title corrector totius orientis by the Roman emperor. After his death in 267, his wife Zenobia appointed her son Vaballathus as king of Palmyra, aiming for independence from Rome and expansion of the territory. They conquered a vast territory from Asia Minor to Egypt, and even called themselves Augusta. Then Emperor Aurelian launched a campaign against Palmyra, captured Zenobia and his men, and Palmyra was completely destroyed in 273, ending its prosperity. Palmyra was later used as a garrison for the Roman army during the reign of Emperor Diocletian, but was ruled by the Arabs from the 7th century onwards. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Vabalatus" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…このオアシス都市は商人貴族の支配する隊商の拠点であったが，3世紀前半にオダエナトゥスが支配権を握るとともに，軍事力を蓄え，内政上の混乱のためにペルシア戦線が手薄になったローマに代わり，東方の防衛をまかされた。夫の死後，実権を握ったゼノビアという女性が事実上の女王となり，子ウァバラトゥスを擁立して，ローマからの独立を宣言した(271)。一時はアナトリアからナイル川流域までを支配し，〈隊商帝国〉を築いたかに見えたが，273年アウレリアヌス帝によって滅ぼされた。…

【ゼノビア】より

…オダエナトゥスはローマ東方を脅かしていたササン朝ペルシアを撃退し，ローマから東方の行政総監督官に任じられたが，ゼノビアは常に夫と共に行軍し，自ら軍の指揮もとった。267年夫が暗殺された後，幼い息子ウァバラトゥスVaballathusをパルミュラ王とし，自らは女王と称して実権を握った。当時ゲルマン民族の侵入に悩まされていたローマからの完全独立と領土拡大を図り，ギリシアの哲学者ロンギノスを招いて外交顧問としてシリアを勢力下におき，さらにエジプト，小アジアに軍隊を送ってこれを征服した。…

【パルミュラ】より

…3世紀半ば，パルミュラの首長オダエナトゥスOdaenathusは東方から侵入してきたササン朝ペルシアを撃退し，ローマ皇帝から東方領の行政総監督官corrector totius orientisの称号を与えられた。267年彼の死後，その妻ゼノビアは息子ウァバラトゥスVaballathusをパルミュラ王としてローマからの独立と領土拡大を図り，小アジアからエジプトに至る広大な領域を征服し，さらに自ら〈アウグスタ〉と称するに及んで，アウレリアヌス帝はパルミュラ討伐に着手，ゼノビアらを捕らえ，273年パルミュラは徹底的に破壊され，その繁栄は終わった。その後パルミュラはディオクレティアヌス帝時代にローマ軍の駐屯地とされたが，7世紀以後アラブにより支配された。…

※「ウァバラトゥス」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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