A federal law enacted in 1830 under the Jackson administration of the United States. To be precise, it is "An Act for providing for the exchange of lands with Indians living in any State or Territory, and for the removal of such people to the west of the Mississippi River." It was the first departure from the earlier policy of the United States to respect the property rights and political autonomy of Indians, as seen in the Northwest Territory Ordinance of 1787. It gave the President the power to appropriately divide up the United States lands not included in the States or Territories west of the Mississippi River and exchange them for lands currently inhabited by Indian tribes, when he deems it necessary for the Indians living in the states east of the river, and stipulated that the President should solemnly guarantee to the tribes in question that the United States would forever protect the lands exchanged to the Indians and their descendants. However, even these new resettlement lands were not adequately guaranteed to the Indians. [Ueda Denmei] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
アメリカ合衆国のジャクソン政権下で1830年に制定された連邦法。正確には「州もしくは準州に住むインディアンとの土地の交換、およびミシシッピ川の西部に彼らを移住させることを規定する法律」。1787年の北西部領地条令などにみられるインディアンの財産権と政治的自治を尊重するという合衆国の初期の政策からの最初の分離ともいうべきものである。それは、大統領に、同川東部の諸州に住むインディアンのため必要と考えるときには、同川西部の州や準州に含まれていない合衆国の土地を適当に分割し、現にインディアン部族が住んでいる土地と交換できる権限を与え、また、合衆国が永遠にインディアンおよびその子孫に対し、交換された地域を保護することを、大統領は当該部族に厳かに保証することなどを規定した。しかし、このような新しい移住地さえもインディアンには十分に保障されなかった。 [上田伝明] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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