...These taxes include (1) taxes collected from those engaged in commerce, fishing, forestry, etc., based on a percentage of their sales or harvests, and (2) taxes collected by the shogunate, which set up bunichisho along certain rivers, based on a percentage of the cargo passing through. Regarding (1), the Jikatahanreiroku, a representative guidebook to the rice paddy and tax systems of the Edo period, gives examples such as bunichi for sardines, bunichi for whales, bunichi for market sales, and bunichi for mountain sales. For example, bunichi for sardines was a tax collected when fishermen, fish merchants, and local officials met to decide the market price for sardines when they were caught, and a percentage of the profits was collected as bunichi, usually 1/20. *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Iwashi Bunichi" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…その内容は,(1)商業,漁業,山林業などに従事する者からその売上高,収穫高の何分の1かを徴収するもの,(2)幕府が特定の河川に沿って分一番所を設け,通行荷物から何分の1かの分一銭を徴収するもの,がある。(1)については,江戸時代の田制,税制についての代表的な手引書である《地方凡例録(じかたはんれいろく)》によると,鰯分一,鯨分一,市売分一,請山分一などの例が紹介されている。たとえば鰯分一とは,イワシの漁獲があったときに漁師と魚商人と地元役人が立ち会ってその日の相場を決定し,その収益の何分の1かを分一として徴収するもので,通例は20分の1であったという。… ※「鰯分一」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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