General Metaphysics

Japanese: 一般形而上学 - いっぱんけいじじょうがく

…The Japanese translation of the term metaphysics has been used since the Dictionary of Philosophy (1881), and means the study of the intangible path, or principle, that transcends the tangible vessel, or image of nature, and the source of metaphysics is the Book of Changes. It is said that the distinction between general metaphysics and specific metaphysics was introduced in the field of philosophy in the West by Jean-Baptiste Duhamel in the 17th century, who was influenced by Suarez, and this distinction was continued by C. Wolff. General metaphysics follows the lineage of first philosophy and deals with universal determinations common to all beings, which Wolff calls ontology. …

From [Ontology]

…Next is the “distinctions” of beings, which are divided into “infinite beings” i.e. “God” and “finite beings”, the latter of which is further subdivided into “substantia” and “accidentia”, but as a whole it is a section that discusses specific beings. Suarez’s metaphysics influenced Descartes, and these two sections influenced JB Duhamel, and further influenced Wolff’s distinction between “metaphysica generalis” and “metaphysica specialis”. Although Suarez does not use the word “ontology”, it can be said that the first section mentioned above was the direct source of Wolff’s later “ontology”. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that refer to "general metaphysics" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…邦訳語の形而上学は《哲学字彙》(1881)以来で，有形の器すなわち自然の形象を超えた無形の道すなわち原理の学の意味であり，形而上の出典は《易経》である。　西洋で哲学の分野に一般形而上学と特殊形而上学との区分を導入したのは，スアレスの影響下の17世紀のデュアメルJean‐Baptiste Duhamel以来とされ，この区分はC.ウォルフに引き継がれる。一般形而上学は第一哲学の系統をひき，存在者一般に共通な普遍的規定を扱い，ウォルフはこれを存在論と呼ぶ。…

【存在論】より

…次は存在者の〈諸区別〉で，〈無限な存在者〉すなわち〈神〉と〈有限な存在者〉とに分かれ，後者ではさらに〈実体substantia〉と〈付帯性accidentia〉等に細分化されるが，全体としては特定の存在者を論じる部門である。スアレスの形而上学はデカルトに影響を与え，またこの2部門はJ.B.デュアメルに影響し，さらにはウォルフの〈一般形而上学metaphysica generalis〉と〈特殊形而上学metaphysica specialis〉との区別に影響を及ぼした。スアレスは〈存在論〉という言葉は用いていないが，上述の最初の部門がのちのウォルフの〈存在論〉の直接の源泉となったといいうる。…

※「一般形而上学」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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