... This is a deduction of a conclusion using the following rules of inference, called a syllogism: Premise 1: If A, then B Premise 2: A ──────────── Conclusion: B, and it is logically guaranteed that the correct conclusion will always be obtained. There are also first-order predicate logic, which can express relationships involving variables and functions, and modal logic, which can express possibilities. There is also a deep relationship between logic and information science, and there is tense logic, which supports the verification of logic circuits, intuitionistic logic, which is used in program synthesis, and dynamic logic, which is used in program verification. ... *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "first-order predicate logic" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
… これは,三段論法と呼ばれる以下の推論規則 前提1 AならばBである 前提2 Aである ──────────── 結論 Bであるを用いた結論の導出であり,いつでも正しい結論が得られることが論理的に保証されている。 さらに変数や関数を含んだ関係を表すことのできる一階述語論理や,可能性を表現することのできる様相論理と呼ばれる論理もある。また,論理と情報科学との関係も深く,論理回路検証支援を行う時制論理や,プログラム合成に用いられる直観主義論理,プログラム検証に用いられる動的論理がある。… ※「一階述語論理」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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