Viscount Castlereagh, 2nd Marquis of Londonderry

Japanese: カースルレー - かーするれー(英語表記)Viscount Castlereagh, 2nd Marquis of Londonderry
Viscount Castlereagh, 2nd Marquis of Londonderry

British politician. Castlereagh was his nickname. His real name was Robert Stewart. He was born in Ireland. After becoming a member of the House of Commons (1794), he worked hard to realize the union of Britain and Ireland as Secretary of State for Ireland in the Pitt (Junior) Cabinet (1798-1801). He later served as Secretary of State for India and Secretary of State for War in successive Tory cabinets, and in 1812 he became Foreign Secretary, and thereafter participated in overall policy as the ruling party leader in the House of Commons. In foreign affairs, he suppressed the excessive demands of Russia and Prussia at the Congress of Vienna in order to stabilize Europe after Napoleon, and in domestic affairs he promoted repressive policies against the rise of the popular movement in the late 1810s, and was fiercely attacked by liberal people as a reactionary. In 1821, he succeeded his father as a marquis, but the following year, in 1822, he committed suicide due to fatigue from government affairs.

[Yasushi Aoki]

[References] | Congress of Vienna | Tories | Pitt (Junior)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

イギリスの政治家。カースルレーは通称。本名はロバート・スチュアートRobert Stewartという。アイルランドに生まれる。イギリス本国の下院議員となった(1794)のちピット(小)内閣のアイルランド担当相(1798~1801)としてイギリス、アイルランドの合同実現に尽力した。その後歴代のトーリー党内閣でインド担当相、陸相を務め、1812年に外相となり、以後、下院の与党指導者として政策全般に参与した。外交では、ナポレオン以後のヨーロッパの安定のため、ウィーン会議でロシア、プロイセンの過大な要求を抑え、内政では1810年代後半の民衆運動の盛り上がりに対して抑圧的な政策を推進して、自由主義的な人々から反動派として激しく攻撃された。1821年父の後を継いで侯爵となったが、翌1822年政務に疲れて自殺した。

[青木 康]

[参照項目] | ウィーン会議 | トーリー党 | ピット(小)

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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