Opinion Newspaper - Ikenshinbun

Japanese: 意見新聞 - いけんしんぶん
Opinion Newspaper - Ikenshinbun


[Commentary function]
First, it presents social goals to readers and gives them direction to act toward those goals, and second, it provides a forum for readers to exchange various opinions in order to create a social consensus. Early newspapers in both Europe and the United States and Japan emphasized this function, but as newspapers became more popular and profitable from the late 19th century to the early 20th century, most newspapers, except for high-quality newspapers, changed from opinion papers or views papers to news papers. When there are different opinions among the majority of readers, it is not profitable from a business perspective to strongly push a certain opinion. In addition, in Japan, the government and military strongly suppressed freedom of speech, so newspaper managers strongly demanded that reporters be "impartial and nonpartisan" and "fair and neutral," which also led to the weakening of the commentary function of newspapers.

*Some of the terminology used in reference to "opinion newspapers" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:


[論評機能]
 第1に読者に社会的目標を提示し,その目標への行動を指示する方向づけと,第2に社会的合意をつくり出すために読者に多様な意見の交換の場を提供することが含まれる。欧米でも日本でも,初期の新聞はこの機能を重視したが,19世紀末から20世紀初頭にかけて新聞が大衆性を強め,同時に営利性を重視するにつれて,高級紙を除き新聞はほとんど政論新聞または意見新聞opinion paper,views paperから報道新聞へと変わった。大多数の読者の間に異なった意見が存在するとき,ある特定の意見を強く押し出すことは営業上得策ではないし,加えて日本では政府・軍部による言論への弾圧が強かったため,新聞経営者たちが〈不偏不党〉〈公正中立〉を記者たちに強く要求したことも,新聞の論評機能を弱めることにつながった。…

※「意見新聞」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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