The medical articles found in various forms in various Buddhist scriptures are conveniently called "Buddhist medicine." There is no special, unified system, and it is not fundamentally different from classical Indian medicine (Ayurveda). The establishment of Buddhism and the systematization of classical medicine originally occurred in the same historical context, and early Buddhist scriptures contain many metaphors for illness and medicine. It is also well known that a famous physician named Jivaka was active during the time of Shakyamuni. The Vinaya, one of the Tripitaka, is where the most medical articles are found, and it describes in detail medical and pharmaceutical matters as part of the rules for the daily life of monks. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
さまざまな仏典の中にいろいろな形で見られる医学的な記事を便宜的に〈仏教医学〉と呼ぶ。特別なまとまった体系があるわけではなく,基本的にはインド古典医学(《アーユル・ベーダ》)と異なるわけではない。元来仏教の成立と,古典医学の体系化とは時代背景が共通しており,原始仏典には病気や医学の比喩が多く見いだされる。また釈迦の時代にジーバカ(耆婆(ぎば))という名医が活躍していたことはあまりにも有名である。医学的記事が最も多く見いだされるのは三蔵のうちの〈律蔵〉であり,出家者の日常生活の規定の一部として医事・薬事が詳しく語られている。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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