Gascogne (English spelling)

Japanese: ガスコーニュ(英語表記)Gascogne
Gascogne (English spelling)
A region in southwestern France, at the northern foot of the Central Pyrenees. Former province. Includes the departments of Gers, Landes, and Hautes-Pyrénées, as well as parts of the departments of Lot-et-Garonne, Tarn-et-Garonne, Haute-Garonne, Ariege, and Pyrénées-à-Atlantiques. The Latin name Baskonia is the origin of the place name. The Gascon language is still used today. This area was known as Third Aquitaine in Roman times, and in 602 the Duchy of Gascony was established. In 1036, Gascony was acquired by marriage and annexed to the duchy. In 1154, Gascony and the neighboring region of Guyenne became part of the Kingdom of England, and in 1454, after the Hundred Years' War, they were restored to France. From the early 17th century until the Revolution, the two became the Canton of Guyenne-et-Gascony (capital Bordeaux), the largest canton of the Royal Domain during the Ancien Régime. The region, which occupies the southern part of the Aquitaine Basin, is made up of three districts. The Toulouse district in the east forms a large basin, where farming is carried out on the riverbed pastures and terraces, and settlements have developed. Furthermore, as a route connecting the Mediterranean and Atlantic Oceans, it is also a commercial and cultural center, and in recent years has seen remarkable industrial development. The Lanne-Meuzin district in the central Pyrenees is a typical diversified agricultural area where agricultural modernization is being promoted by the Gascon Hills Development Corporation. The main industries are livestock breeding, grapes, wheat, and corn cultivation, but chemical, machinery, and electrical industries are also developing. The Landes district overlooking the Atlantic Ocean has developed sand dunes and oyster farming is thriving. In the vast pine forests, oil and natural gas development is being promoted alongside forestry, which has been practiced since ancient times.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
フランス南西部,中央ピレネー山脈北麓の地方。旧州。ジェール県,ランド県,オートピレネー県のほか,ロトエガロンヌ,タルンエガロンヌ,オートガロンヌ,アリエージェ,ピレネーザトランティクの各県の一部を含む。ラテン名のバスコニアが地名の起源。ガスコン語が現在も使用されている。この地はローマ時代から第三アクィタニアとして知られ,602年にはガスコーニュ公国設立。 1036年婚姻によりガスコーニュはアキテーヌ公の手に渡り,公領に併合された。 1154年,隣接するギュイエンヌ地方とともにイングランド王領となり,百年戦争後の 1454年にフランス領に復帰した。両者は 17世紀初頭から革命までギュイエンヌエガスコーニュ州 (州都ボルドー) として,アンシアン・レジーム期の国王直轄領のうち最大州となった。アキテーヌ盆地南部を占める同地方は,3地区から成り,東部のツールーズ地区は大きな盆地を形成,河床の牧草地をはじめ,段丘上では農耕が行われ,集落が発達。さらに地中海と大西洋の連絡路にあたって,商業,文化の中心でもあり,近年は工業の発達も著しい。ピレネー山脈中央部のランヌムザン地区は「ガスコーニュ丘陵地開発公社」により農業の近代化が進められている典型的な多角的農業地帯で,家畜の飼育,ブドウ,コムギ,トウモロコシの栽培が主であるが,化学工業,機械・電機工業なども発展している。大西洋にのぞむランド地区は砂丘が発達し,カキの養殖が盛ん。広大なマツ林内では,古くから行われてきた林業と並んで石油と天然ガスの開発が進められている。

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