...The Reformation awakened ethnic consciousness, and as in the case of the conversion of the city of Cluj to Calvinism, it created conflict between Magyars and Saxons, but the nature of Transylvanian society, which was based on the coexistence of various ethnic groups, led to the recognition of Catholicism, Lutheranism, and Calvinism as official religions in 1557, achieving religious tolerance for the first time in Europe during the age of religious wars, and in 1571 Anti-Trinitarianism also became an official religion. The status of Eastern Orthodoxy remained unchanged, but the introduction of printing by Johannes Honterus (1498-1549), known as the "Transylvanian Luther," made it possible for the Romanian Coresi (c. 1510-c. 1581) to print the church scriptures in Slavic (1557). At the end of the 16th century, the Duke of Transylvania, Stephen Bathory, became King of Poland, and the Principality of Transylvania played an important role in international politics during the Thirty Years' War and was included as an independent state in the Treaty of Westphalia, all of which increased the power of the Duke of Transylvania. *Some of the terminology that mentions "Honterus, J." is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…宗教改革は民族意識を目覚めさせ,クルジュ市のカルバン派への改宗のときのように,それはマジャール人とザクセン人の対立の様相を呈したが,諸民族の共存関係の上に立ってきたトランシルバニア社会の特質により,1557年にはカトリック,ルター派,カルバン派が公認宗教と認められ,宗教戦争の時代のヨーロッパにおいて初めて宗教的寛容が実現され,71年には,反三位一体派も公認宗教となった。東方正教の地位は変わらなかったが,〈トランシルバニアのルター〉と呼ばれたヨハネス・ホンテルスJohannes Honterus(1498‐1549)による印刷術の導入は,ルーマニア人コレシCoresi(1510ころ‐81ころ)によるスラブ語の教会聖典の印刷を可能にした(1557)。16世紀末にトランシルバニア公バートリ・イシュトバーンはポーランド国王となり,また三十年戦争でトランシルバニア公国は国際政治上重要な役割を演じ,ウェストファリア条約にも独立国として名を連ねたが,これらはトランシルバニア公の権力の増大を意味した。… ※「Honterus,J.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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