…A subculture that opposes and rebels against the dominant culture of a society is generally called a counterculture or adversarial culture. However, in modern times, counterculture refers to the ideas, value systems, and lifestyles that were born out of the youth rebellion or “protest” that flourished in advanced industrial societies, especially in the United States, from the 1960s to the early 1970s, a time when racial issues intensified, the Vietnam War expanded, and pollution problems became serious. Young people who “dropped out” of the “system” of industrial society, which placed value on rationalism and meritocracy and pursued efficiency and wealth, sought experiences outside the everyday world dominated by political, moral, and normative language by breaking away from the “role-playing” expected of a society covered in what H. Marcuse calls “one-dimensional repressive tolerance.” … *Some of the terminology explanations that refer to "objection (society)" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…ある社会の支配的文化に対し,敵対し反逆する下位文化(サブカルチャー)を,一般に対抗文化(カウンターカルチャー)あるいは敵対的文化(アドバーサリー・カルチャー)と呼ぶ。だが現代におけるカウンターカルチャーは,先進産業社会とくにアメリカにおいて,1960年代から70年代初め,すなわち人種問題の激化,ベトナム戦争の拡大,公害問題の深刻化などを背景とする時代に盛りあがりを見せた,青年の反逆現象ないし〈異議申立て〉のなかで生み出された思想,価値体系およびライフスタイルを指す。合理主義と業績主義に価値を置き,効率と豊かさを追求してきた産業社会の〈体制〉から〈ドロップ・アウト〉した若者たちは,H.マルクーゼのいう,いわゆる〈一次元的な抑圧的寛容〉に覆われた社会の期待する〈役割演技〉から離脱することによって,政治的・道徳的・規範的言語に支配された日常世界の外に出る体験を求めた。… ※「異議申立て(社会)」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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