Wilhelmi, LF - Wilhelmi

Japanese: ウィルヘルミ，L.F. - うぃるへるみ

…At the same time that chemical thermodynamics was created, chemical reaction theory also gradually took shape. Wilhelmy Ludwig Ferdinand Wilhelmy (1812-64) succeeded in quantitatively treating the rate of chemical reaction by expressing the rate of conversion of sucrose in a mathematical formula. In 1862, Norwegian CM Gullberg and P. Boge stated the law of mass action, which states that the position of chemical equilibrium is determined by the concentration ratio of each component. …

From [Reaction rate]

...The systematic investigation of reaction rates began relatively recently, in the mid-19th century. In 1850, German chemist Ludwig Ferdinand Wilhelmy (1812-64) studied the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of sucrose (chemical formula), and using the change in optical rotation from dextrorotatory to levorotatory as the reaction progressed, he measured the reaction rate and found that, under constant conditions such as temperature and acid concentration, the reaction rate is proportional to the concentration of sucrose. Then, in 1862, French chemists PEM Berthelot and Léon Péan de Saint-Gilles (1832-63) investigated the reactions of formation and decomposition of ethyl acetate in detail, and found that the rate v of the rightward formation reaction of ethyl acetate in the above equation is proportional to the respective concentrations of acetic acid and ethyl alcohol, and the rate v ' of the leftward decomposition reaction of ethyl acetate is proportional to the concentration of ethyl acetate, and are given by v = k [CH ₃ COOH][C ₂ H ₅ OH] ... (1) v ' = k ' [CH ₃ COOC ₂ H ₅ ] ... (2) ...

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Wilhelmi, LF" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…化学熱力学がつくられると同時に，化学反応論もしだいに形づくられた。ウィルヘルミLudwig Ferdinand Wilhelmy(1812‐64)は，ショ糖の転化速度を数式に表現して化学反応速度の定量的扱いに成功した。1862年，ノルウェーのC.M.グルベルグとP.ボーゲは，化学平衡の位置は各成分の濃度比で決まるという〈質量作用の法則〉を述べた。…

【反応速度】より

…反応速度が系統的に調べはじめられたのは比較的新しく，19世紀中ごろになってからである。1850年，ドイツの化学者ウィルヘルミーLudwig Ferdinand Wilhelmy(1812‐64)は，酸を触媒とするショ糖の加水分解反応(化学式)を研究し，反応が進むと旋光性が右旋性から左旋性に変わることを利用して，この反応速度を測定し，温度，酸濃度などの条件を一定とすれば，反応速度はショ糖の濃度に比例することを見いだした。続いて62年には，フランスの化学者P.E.M.ベルトロとサンジルLéon Péan de Saint‐Gilles(1832‐63)は，酢酸エチルの生成と分解の反応を詳細に調べ，上式で右向きの酢酸エチルの生成反応の速度vは，酢酸とエチルアルコールのそれぞれの濃度に比例し，左向きの酢酸エチルの分解反応の速度v′は，酢酸エチルの濃度に比例し，それぞれ，　v＝k[CH₃COOH][C₂H₅OH]　　……(1)　　v′＝k′[CH₃COOC₂H₅]　　……(2)　で与えられることを見いだした。…