Iojima

Japanese: 伊王島 - いおうじま
Iojima

The former name of a town (Iojima-cho) in Nishisonogi County, southern Nagasaki Prefecture. It is now a district of Nagasaki City (Iojima-cho, Nagasaki City). The former Iojima-cho was established as a town in 1962 (Showa 37). It was incorporated into Nagasaki City in 2005 (Heisei 17). The former town area is located outside Nagasaki Port, and consists of Iojima (1.25 square kilometers) and Okinoshima (0.95 square kilometers). The two islands are connected by a 36-meter bridge built in 1911 (Meiji 44). The port is near the bridge, and there are regular ferries from Nagasaki Port. The Iojima Coal Mine, which opened on Okinoshima in 1941 (Showa 16), was expected to have a bright future as a build mine that produced 390,000 tons (1966) of weakly coking coal per year, but it closed in 1972 (Showa 47) due to the decline of coal. Meanwhile, a new tanker service (waste oil treatment facility) is being constructed in the Magome area. In recent years, tourism development has been promoted through the expansion of resort facilities. There are many Catholic settlements in the area, and Okinoshima Cathedral (Magome Church) is located in Magome, which was built in 1890 (Meiji 23) and remodeled in 1931 (Showa 6). The French-style lighthouse in Manabana was built in 1870 (Meiji 3) and is one of the oldest lighthouses in Japan. The former staff rest house of the Iojima Lighthouse, a prefecture-designated tangible cultural property, was restored and opened as the Iojima Lighthouse Memorial Museum in 1988 (Showa 63), where the history of the lighthouse is introduced. Both the lighthouse and the memorial museum were designed by R. H. Brunton. In 2011, the Iojima Bridge was opened between Koyagi-cho in Nagasaki City and Okinoshima, connecting the island to the main island of Kyushu. The population of Iojima is 277, and the population of Okinoshima is 515 (2009).

[Yasuyoshi Ishii]

"History of Iojima Town" (1973, Iojima Town)

[References] | Nagasaki (city) | Brunton

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

長崎県南部、西彼杵(にしそのぎ)郡にあった旧町名(伊王島町(ちょう))。現在は長崎市の一地区(長崎市伊王島町)。旧伊王島町は1962年(昭和37)町制施行。2005年(平成17)長崎市へ編入。旧町域は、長崎港外に位置し、伊王島(1.25平方キロメートル)、沖之島(0.95平方キロメートル)からなり、2島間は、1911年(明治44)架設された36メートルの橋で結ばれている。港はその橋の近くにあり、長崎港から定期船がある。1941年(昭和16)に沖之島に開坑された伊王島炭鉱は、年間39万トン(1966)の弱粘結原料炭を生産するビルド鉱として将来を期待されたが、石炭斜陽化によって、1972年(昭和47)閉山。一方、馬込(まごめ)地区には、新たなタンカーサービス(廃油処理施設)が建設されている。近年は、リゾート施設を拡充するなど観光開発を推進している。地域内にはカトリック集落が多く、1890年(明治23)建設され、1931年(昭和6)改築の沖之島天主堂(馬込教会)が馬込にある。真鼻(まばな)のフランス式灯台は1870年(明治3)建設され、日本ではもっとも古い灯台に属する。県指定有形文化財の伊王島灯台旧吏員退息所(りいんたいそくしょ)は、修復され1988年(昭和63)に伊王島灯台記念館として開館、灯台の歴史などを紹介している。灯台、記念館ともにR・H・ブラントンの設計。2011年長崎市香焼(こうやぎ)町と沖之島との間に伊王島大橋が開通し、九州本島と陸続きとなった。伊王島の人口は277、沖之島の人口は515(2009)。

[石井泰義]

『『伊王島町史』(1973・伊王島町)』

[参照項目] | 長崎(市) | ブラントン

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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