Originally, it was the fur of fetuses or lambs (Karakul breed) from the Astrakhan region of Russia, but in textiles, it refers to a thick woolen fabric covered with soft, curly fuzz. Astrakhan wool is black, curls easily into balls, and is very lustrous, but because fur is very expensive, it is woven in pile to resemble the fur. The ground weave is made from worsted yarn, cotton yarn, and spun yarn, and the pile yarn is made from stiff, lustrous wool or mohair, which is strongly curled in advance before being woven into a pile weave in either the warp or weft. Some of the fur is left uncut, while others are cut and fluffed, but in both cases, it is heat-treated to keep the fluffy, ring-shaped curls. The dye color is often black. Because it is thick and has good heat retention, it is used for cold weather hats, women's overcoats, and coat collars. [Kadoyama Yukihiro] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
もとはロシアのアストラハン地方で産するヒツジ(カラクールkarakul種)の胎児、または子ヒツジの毛皮をさすが、織物では、それに似た柔らかい巻き毛の毛羽(けば)で覆われた厚地の毛織物をいう。アストラハン地方の羊毛は、黒く玉状によく縮れ、光沢に富むが、毛皮は非常に高価なため、外観を似せたパイル(輪奈(わな))織にする。地(じ)組織には、梳毛糸(そもうし)、綿糸、スフ糸を使い、パイル糸には光沢のある堅い毛かモヘアを、あらかじめ強く捲縮(けんしゅく)させておいたのち、経(たて)・緯(よこ)いずれかのパイル組織に織り上げる。この輪奈になった部分を切断しないものと、切断して毛羽立てしたものがあるが、いずれも熱処理をして、かさ高く輪状に巻き毛を保つように仕上げる。染色の色調は黒が多い。厚地で保温力があるため、防寒用帽子、婦人オーバー地、外套(がいとう)の襟などに用いられる。 [角山幸洋] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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