Alfred Andersch

German author. Born in Munich on February 4th. At the age of 18, he joined the Communist Party, but was arrested for anti-fascist activism and changed his views. After working as a factory worker, he escaped on the Italian front in 1944 and lived as a prisoner of war in the United States until defeat. After the war, he edited the magazine Scream, which advocated a unified socialist Europe, in occupied Germany, but it was banned by the occupying forces, and he formed the literary collective Group 47. He was recognized as an avant-garde author with Cherries of Freedom (1952), an account of his time as a party member and his escape, and Zanzibar (1957), a novel that tells the simultaneous and parallel stories of the resistance and escape of five people who escape from Nazi Germany. Many of his novels dealt with current issues, such as "Winter Wheat" (1974), which deals with military refusal on the front lines at the end of the war, and "A Murderer's Father" (1980), an autobiographical novel about the fate of a boy who is expelled from school by the father of Himmler, who masterminded a plan to kill the Jews during the rise of the Nazis. He died on February 21, 1980.

[Moritake Hayasaki]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

ドイツの作家。2月4日ミュンヘンに生まれる。18歳で共産党に入党したが反ファシズム運動で逮捕され転向、工員生活のあと、1944年にイタリア戦線で脱走、敗戦までアメリカで捕虜生活を送った。戦後は占領下のドイツで、社会主義統一ヨーロッパを主張する雑誌『叫び』を編集したが、占領軍によって発禁処分を受け、文学集団「グループ47」を結成した。党員時代と脱走との報告『自由のさくらんぼ』（1952）、ナチス・ドイツから脱走する5名の人物の抵抗と逃亡のエピソードを同時並列的につづった小説『ザンジバル』（1957）で前衛的作家として認められた。戦争末期の前線での軍事的拒否行動をテーマとした『冬の麦』（1974）、ナチス台頭期にユダヤ人殺害計画の立案者ヒムラーの父親から放校処分を受ける少年の宿命を描いた自伝的小説『殺人者の父親』（1980）など、アクチュアルな問題を扱った小説が多い。1980年2月21日死去。

［早崎守俊］

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