Humidifier - Kashitsuki

Japanese: 加湿器 - かしつき
Humidifier - Kashitsuki

An electrical appliance used to prevent indoor air from drying out and to maintain an appropriate humidity level. When using a heater, some types, such as warm air heaters, have the advantage of not polluting the air inside the room. However, at the same time, they have the disadvantage of drying out the air and reducing humidity. The appropriate indoor humidity level is said to be 45-65% (relative humidity), and for so-called clean heaters that do not pollute the air, a humidifier is also required in addition to the heater (in the case of stoves that burn gas or oil, moisture is generated by the combustion of hydrocarbons). There are the following types of humidifiers depending on the method of humidification.

(1) Evaporative humidifier (filter evaporative type) A fan motor passes air through a filter containing water, and releases it as humid air. The amount of humidification is naturally controlled, increasing when the indoor humidity is low and decreasing when the humidity is high.

(2) Ultrasonic humidifiers: Ultrasonic waves are generated in the water using a vibrator, turning the water into a mist of a few micrometers and releasing it using a fan motor.

(3) Centrifugal spray humidifier (spray type) Water is finely atomized by centrifugal force, and then mixed with air by a fan motor before being released.

(4) Electric humidifier (heater type) Water is boiled with an electric heater and released as steam. It consumes more electricity than other humidification methods.

(5) Electrode-type humidifiers: Electrodes are placed in water and the Joule heat of the electric current flowing through the water is used to heat it to boil, generating hot steam.

Electric heating and electrode types require frequent cleaning because calcium and other residues from evaporation from the container and electrodes can build up. It is also important to replace the water. Other humidification methods circulate air, so the intake filter must be cleaned from time to time.

[Hiroshi Suda]

Main types and principles of humidifiers
©Shogakukan ">

Main types and principles of humidifiers


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

室内の乾燥を防ぎ、湿度を適正に保つための電化器具。暖房器を使う場合、温風暖房器などの一部のものは、室内の空気を汚さないという長所がある。しかし、同時に空気が乾燥し、湿度が低下する欠点ももっている。室内の適正湿度は45~65%(相対湿度)といわれ、いわゆる空気を汚さないクリーンなヒーターの場合、暖房器のほかに加湿器も必要となる(ガスや石油を燃焼させるストーブの場合は、炭化水素の燃焼によって水分が発生する)。加湿器には、加湿方法によって次のような種類がある。

(1)気化式加湿器(フィルター気化式) ファンモーターで、水を含んだフィルターに空気を通過させ、湿気を含んだ空気として放出する。室内湿度が低いと加湿量が多く、高いと少なく、自然に加湿量がコントロールされる。

(2)超音波式加湿器 振動子により水中に超音波を発生させ、水を数マイクロメートルの霧状にしてファンモーターで放出する。

(3)遠心噴霧式加湿器(噴霧式) 水を遠心力によって霧状に細かくし、ファンモーターで空気と混合させて放出する。

(4)電熱式加湿器(ヒーター加熱式) 電気ヒーターで水を沸騰させ、蒸気として放出する。他の加湿方式に比べ消費電力が多い。

(5)電極式加湿器 電極を水中に入れ、水中を流れる電流のジュール熱を利用し加熱沸騰させる方式で、熱い蒸気を発生させる。

 電熱式や電極式は、容器や電極に含まれているカルシウムなどの蒸発後の残渣(ざんさ)が付着することがあり、たびたび掃除をしなければならない。また、新しい水に交換することがたいせつである。他の加湿方式は、空気を循環させるので、ときどき吸込口フィルターを掃除する必要がある。

[須田 洋]

加湿器のおもな種類と原理
©Shogakukan">

加湿器のおもな種類と原理


出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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