...A device that uses electromagnets arranged in a ring (ring magnets) to hold charged particles in a circular orbit and accelerates them in a radio frequency cavity placed midway along the orbit (Figure). The principle was independently devised in 1945 by VI Vexler of the Soviet Union and EM MacMillan of the United States. It is called an electron synchrotron, proton synchrotron, etc., depending on the particle being accelerated. The strength of the magnetic field and the frequency of the radio frequency are changed so that the beam orbit always passes through the same place even when accelerated. The principle of phase stability works in radio frequency acceleration, so that particles with energy or acceleration phases slightly different from the ideal values do not lose synchronism with the radio frequency, and as a result, if the magnetic field and acceleration frequency are appropriately changed, acceleration proceeds automatically (principle of synchrotron acceleration). ... *Some of the terminology used in the "alternating gradient convergence method" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…リング状に並べた電磁石(リング磁石)で荷電粒子を円形軌道上に拘束し,軌道の途中に置いた高周波空洞で加速する装置(図)。原理は,1945年にソ連のV.I.ベクスレルとアメリカのE.M.マクミランによってそれぞれ独立に考案された。加速する粒子によって電子シンクロトロン,陽子シンクロトロンなどと呼ばれる。加速を受けてもビーム軌道はつねに同じ場所を通るよう,磁場の強さと高周波の周波数を変えている。高周波加速では位相安定の原理が働き,理想値から多少ずれたエネルギーや加速位相の粒子も高周波との同期性を失わないので,これにより,磁場と加速周波数を適切に変化させれば,加速が自動的に進む(シンクロトロン加速の原理)。… ※「アルターネーティンググラジエント収束法」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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