Ono Castle

Japanese: 大野城 - おおのじょう

This mountain castle from the Azuchi-Momoyama period was located in Ono City, Fukui Prefecture. During the Edo period, it was the castle where the Ono Domain's clan headquarters was located. It was built on Kameyama (249m above sea level) near Ono City. On August 16, 1573 (Tensho 1), the warring states daimyo Asakura Yoshikage was defeated by Oda Nobunaga in the Battle of Tonezaka , and abandoned Ichijodani-kan and Ichijodani-jo Castle (Fukui City) and fled to Ono, but was betrayed by his clan member Asakura Kageakira and committed suicide at Kensho-ji Temple, one of the six temples of Ono. After the Asakura clan was thus destroyed, Kanamori Nagachika, who was given the area around Ono City as a reward for his military achievements in the battle, built this castle in 1576 (Tensho 4). Nagachika built the small but sturdy Ono Castle with its large and small towers, created a castle town, and established water and sewerage systems, creating the original form of today's Ono city. After Nobunaga's death, Shibata Katsuie, who was based in Kitanosho Castle (Fukui City), came into conflict with Hashiba Hideyoshi (later Toyotomi Hideyoshi), resulting in the Battle of Zengatake, in which Nagachika served on Katsuie's side. After the war, Nagachika was granted the castle and territory by Hideyoshi, even though he was on the enemy side, and in 1586 (Tensho 14) he was transferred to Hida Takayama (Gifu Prefecture). Later, Hasegawa Hidekazu, Aoki Kazunori, and Oda Hideo (the eldest son of Nobunaga's grandson, Nobuo) entered Ono Castle, and after the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600 (Keicho 5), the Ono area came under the direct control of the Fukui Domain, and it became a subsidiary castle of Fukui Castle. In 1624 (Kan'ei 1), Matsudaira Naomasa, the third son of Yuki Hideyasu, entered the castle as the lord of the Ono Domain with a fief of 50,000 koku. After that, fudai and related feudal lords became the lords of the castle, and the Meiji Restoration came when the Doi clan had a fief of 40,000 koku. During this time, the main and small castle towers were lost in a fire in 1775 (An'ei 4). Currently, the castle ruins are the reconstructed castle towers and Tengu turret, made of reinforced concrete and built in 1968 ( Showa 43), but the stone walls are from that time. In addition, two castle gates have been relocated to Komyo-ji Temple and Shinjo-ji Temple in the same city and remain as mountain gates. It is about a 20-minute walk from Echizen Ono Station on the JR Echizen-Minami Hoku Line. It is about a 10-minute walk to the top of the mountain (there are four entrances to the castle). ◇It is also called Kameyama Castle.

Onojo (Ono Castle, Fukuoka Prefecture)

This ancient mountain castle ( Korean -style mountain castle) was built across Dazaifu City, Umi Town, Kasuya County, and Onojo City in Fukuoka Prefecture. It was built during the Asuka period and was designated a special national historic site in 1952 (Showa 27). It is one of the "100 Great Castles of Japan" selected by the Japan Castle Foundation. The castle area is in the area of Mt. Shioji , which is located north of Dazaifu and has a peak of about 410m above sea level. Mt. Shioji is surrounded by earthworks stretching for over 8km along the ridge, and stone walls have been built on the valley side. There are three castle gates, one in the north, one in the southwest, and two in the south. The main castle is thought to have been built to defend Dazaifu, as it is located north of Dazaifu. It is about a 15-minute drive or 50-minute walk from Dazaifu Station on the Nishitetsu Dazaifu Line to the Prefectural Forest Center. 15 minutes by car from JR Kashii Line Umi Station. 6km from Kyushu Expressway Dazaifu IC.

Source: Kodansha Encyclopedia of Japanese Castles Information

Japanese:

福井県大野市にあった安土桃山時代の山城(やまじろ)。江戸時代には大野藩の藩庁が置かれた城である。大野市街近くの亀山（標高249m）に築かれていた。1573年（天正1）8月16日、戦国大名の朝倉義景は刀禰坂(とねざか)の戦いで織田信長に敗れ、一乗谷館・一乗谷城（福井市）を放棄し大野へ逃れたが、一族の朝倉景鏡の裏切りにより大野六坊の一つである賢松寺にて自刀した。こうして朝倉氏が滅ぼされたのち、その戦いで戦功により、大野市周辺を与えられた金森長近が1576年（天正4）に築いた城である。長近は小規模ながら大天守・小天守を持った堅固な大野城を築き、城下町をつくり上下水道を整備するなど、今日の大野市街の原形をつくった。信長の死後、北ノ庄城（福井市）を本拠とした柴田勝家と羽柴秀吉（のちの豊臣秀吉）が対立し、賎ヶ岳の戦いが起こったが、その際、長近は勝家方として従軍した。戦後、長近は敵方であったものの秀吉から城と領地を安堵され、1586年（天正14）に飛騨高山（岐阜県）に転封した。その後、大野城には長谷川秀一、青木一矩、織田秀雄（信長の孫・信雄の長男）が入城し、1600年（慶長5）の関ヶ原の戦いの後、大野一帯が福井藩の直轄領となったことから、福井城の支城となった。1624年（寛永1）には結城秀康三男の松平直政が5万石の大野藩の藩主として入城、その後、譜代や親藩の大名が城主となり、土井氏4万石の時代に明治維新を迎えた。この間、1775年（安永4）に火災により大天守・小天守などを失った。現在、城跡には1968年（昭和43）に建設された鉄筋コンクリート造の復興天守群と天狗櫓(てんぐやぐら)があるが、その石垣は当時のものである。また、城門2基が同市内の光明寺および真乗寺に山門として移築され現存している。JR越美北線越前大野駅から徒歩約20分。山頂まで徒歩約10分（4ヵ所の登城口がある）。◇亀山城ともよばれる。

おおのじょう【大野城〈福岡県〉】

福岡県太宰府市、糟谷郡宇美(うみ)町、大野城市にまたがって築かれた古代山城(さんじょう)（朝鮮式山城）。飛鳥時代に築城されたもので、1952年（昭和27）に国の特別史跡に指定された。日本城郭協会選定による「日本100名城」の一つ。城域は大宰府(だざいふ)の北方、標高約410mを最高峰とする四王寺(しおうじ)山一帯。四王寺山には、尾根つたいに延々8km以上に及ぶ土塁がめぐらされ、谷側には石垣が築かれている。北方に1ヵ所、西南に1ヵ所、南部に2ヵ所城門がある。本城は、大宰府北方という立地から、大宰府の防衛を目的とした城であると考えられている。西鉄太宰府線太宰府駅から県民の森センターまで車で約15分、徒歩約50分。JR香椎線宇美駅から車で約15分。九州自動車道太宰府ICから約6km。

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