Araham (English spelling)

Japanese: 阿羅本 - あらほん(英語表記)Araham
Araham (English spelling)

Dates of birth and death unknown. 7th century. A Persian priest who entered China as a Nestorian missionary, a sect of Christianity that was declared a heresy at the Council of Ephesus in 431. This sect was called Jingjiao in China. According to the "Daqin Jingjiao Popular in China Stele" and "Tang Huiyao," in 635, he was welcomed by Tang's Prime Minister Fang Xuanling and entered Chang'an. Three years later, under the protection of Emperor Taizong, he built the Persian Temple (Daqin Temple) in Yiningfang, a place of residence in the capital. Due to the Tang dynasty's appeasement policy adopted for the sake of missionary work, Jingjiao flourished even under the rule of Emperor Gaozong, and Arabe was appointed as the chief priest of the nation. There are various theories about the origin of the name Arabe, including that it is a transliteration of Abraham's name and that it is a Syriac word for church elder.

[Tatsunori Isomi February 16, 2018]

"Studies on Nestorianism" by Yoshiro Saeki (1935, Tokyo Institute of Oriental Culture)""Studies on Chinese Christianity" by Yoshiro Saeki, Vols. 1-2 (1943, Shunjusha Shohakukan/Reproduction, 1979, Meisyo Fukyukai)""The Chronicles of the Popes" by P. G. Maxwell Stewart, supervised by Takahashi Masao, translated by Tsukimori Satoshi and Suganuma Hirono (1999, Sogensha)"

[Reference items] | Keikyo | Great Qin Keikyo Popular Chinese Monument | Great Qin Temple

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

生没年未詳。7世紀の人。431年、エフェソス公会議で異端を宣告されたキリスト教の一派ネストリウス派の伝道師で、中国に入ったペルシア人司祭。この派は中国で景教(けいきょう)とよばれた。「大秦(たいしん)景教流行中国碑」や『唐会要』によると、635年、唐の宰相房玄齢(ぼうげんれい)の出迎えを受けて長安(ちょうあん)に入り、3年後、太宗の保護を得て都下義寧坊(ぎねいぼう)に波斯(ペルシア)寺(大秦寺(たいしんじ))を建立。宣教のためにとった唐王朝迎合主義により、高宗の治政下においても景教は栄え、阿羅本は鎮国大法主に任ぜられた。なお阿羅本の名前の由来は、アブラハムの名の音訳や教会長老をさすシリア語など、諸説に分かれている。

[磯見辰典 2018年2月16日]

『佐伯好郎著『景教の研究』(1935・東方文化学院東京研究所)』『佐伯好郎著『支那基督教の研究』第1~2巻(1943・春秋社松柏館/複製・1979・名著普及会)』『P・G・マックスウェル・スチュアート著、高橋正男監修、月森左知・菅沼裕乃訳『ローマ教皇歴代誌』(1999・創元社)』

[参照項目] | 景教 | 大秦景教流行中国碑 | 大秦寺

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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