ADR is an abbreviation. Generally, depositary receipts are internationally circulated securities issued and traded to foreign investors in exchange for stocks of a company in a certain country, and are the international version of stocks. To trade foreign stocks in the domestic market, there are obstacles due to differences in language, laws, systems, trading practices, etc., as well as various risks and costs such as transportation. This system aims to remove these obstacles and treat foreign stocks equally in the domestic market, and ADRs are substitute securities or proxy securities traded in the United States in place of foreign stocks. In this case, foreign stocks are kept in banks in the issuing country, and American banks issue ADRs, which are traded in the secondary market in the United States. This system was established by Morgan Guaranty Trust in 1927, and there are more than 150 ADRs in Japan to date, including Sony in 1961 (Showa 36). Issuing ADRs has benefits for the issuing company, such as international recognition as a blue-chip company, diversification of fundraising sources, PR effects, and market security. Other similar systems include the European Depository Receipts (EDR), London Depository Receipts (LDR), and German Bearer Certificates (GBC). Previously, depositary receipts, including ADRs, were not defined as securities under Japanese law, but they were defined as securities as foreign investment securities following the amendment to the Securities and Exchange Act in 1998. In September 2007, the revised Securities and Exchange Act, the Financial Instruments and Exchange Act, came into effect, and ADRs are now subject to the Financial Instruments and Exchange Act. [Tsutomu Muramoto] In addition, in November 2007, the Tokyo Stock Exchange established a listing system for Japanese Depositary Receipts (JDRs). [Editorial Department] ©Shogakukan "> How American Depositary Receipts (ADRs) are issued Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
略称ADR。一般に預託証券とは、ある国の企業の株式を見返りに、外国の投資家に発行・売買される国際的流通証券で、株式の国際版である。海外の株式を国内市場で売買するには、言語、法律、制度、取引慣習などの相違による障害があるほか、輸送をはじめとする種々のリスク、費用などを伴うので、それらを除去し、海外の株式を国内市場で同等に扱おうとする制度で、ADRはアメリカ国内で外国株式にかわって取引される代替証券、身代り証券のことである。この場合、海外の株式はその発行国の銀行に保管され、アメリカの銀行がADRを発行し、アメリカ国内の流通市場で取引する。この制度は、1927年にモルガン・ギャランティ・トラストによって創設されたもので、日本のADRとしては、1961年(昭和36)のソニーをはじめとして、現在までに150銘柄以上に上っている。ADRの発行は、その原株発行会社にとって、優良企業としての国際的評価、資金調達の多様化、PR効果と市場確保などのメリットがある。ほかに同様な制度として、ヨーロッパ預託証券(EDR)、ロンドン預託証券(LDR)、ドイツ無記名証書(GBC)などがある。 従来、ADRを含む預託証券は、日本の法制上、有価証券として定義されていなかったが、1998年(平成10)の証券取引法改正によって、外国投資証券として有価証券に定義されることになった。2007年9月には証券取引法を改正した金融商品取引法が施行され、現在は金融商品取引法の適用を受けている。 [村本 孜] なお、2007年(平成19)11月、東京証券取引所は、日本預託証券(JDR)の上場制度を創設した。 [編集部] ©Shogakukan"> アメリカ預託証券(ADR)発行の仕組み 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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