Guthrie, Sir William Tyrone

Japanese: ガスリー(英語表記)Guthrie, Sir William Tyrone
Guthrie, Sir William Tyrone
Born: July 2, 1900, Tunbridge Wells, Kent
[died] May 15, 1971. New Brith, Ireland. British director. Started as an actor and director in Scottish and London theatres. Director of the Old Vic from 1933-34 and 1936-37, general director of the Old Vic and Sadler's Wells from 1939-45. Directed Shakespeare and Elizabethan plays, and attempted bold new approaches to classics, such as in his modern version of Hamlet starring A. Guinness in 1938. The Shakespeare Festival, which began in Stratford, Ontario, Canada in 1953, was made possible through his efforts. He directed it every year until 1957. In 1963, the Tyrone Guthrie Theatre opened in Minneapolis, and he was its director until 1965. His books include Theatre Prospect (1932) and Life in the Theatre (1960).

Guthrie
Guthrie, Edwin Ray

Born January 9, 1886 in Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
[Died] April 23, 1959. Seattle, Washington, U.S. American psychologist. Professor at the University of Washington. He took a behaviorist stance and adopted the stimulus-response theory as a learning theory, but advocated the access theory as the law of association. He has had a great influence on modern learning researchers. His main work is The Psychology of Learning (1935).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
[生]1900.7.2. ケント,タンブリッジウェルズ
[没]1971.5.15. アイルランド,ニューブリス
イギリスの演出家。スコットランドやロンドンの劇場で俳優や演出家として出発。 1933~34年および 36~37年,オールド・ビック劇場の演出家,39~45年にはオールド・ビックおよびサドラーズ・ウェルズ劇場の総監督。主としてシェークスピアやエリザベス朝戯曲の演出を手がけ,38年の A.ギネス主演の現代版『ハムレット』でみせたように,独創的な演出を行い,古典に大胆な新しい角度からのアプローチを試みた。 53年からカナダのオンタリオ州ストラトフォードで開始されたシェークスピア祭は,彼の努力によって実現したもの。 57年まで毎年その演出家をつとめた。 63年ミネアポリスにタイロン・ガスリー劇場が開設され,65年までここの演出家として活躍。著書『演劇の展望』 Theatre Prospect (1932) ,『演劇生活』 Life in the Theatre (60) 。

ガスリー
Guthrie, Edwin Ray

[生]1886.1.9. アメリカ,ネブラスカ,リンカーン
[没]1959.4.23. アメリカ,ワシントン,シアトル
アメリカの心理学者。ワシントン大学教授。行動主義的立場に立ち,学習理論として刺激=反応説をとるが,その結合法則として接近説を主張した。現代の学習研究者に大きい影響を及ぼしている。主著『学習心理学』 The Psychology of Learning (1935) 。

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