1755‐95 Hungarian natural scientist and revolutionary. In 1773 he became a Franciscan friar in Buda, and in 1783 he became professor of natural sciences at the University of Lemberg. From 1791 to 1792 he was chemist at the Vienna court. In his papers on natural science and philosophy he advocated materialism and atheism. Politically, during his time in Vienna he was influenced by the Jacobin ideas of the French Revolution, and in the spring of 1794 he formed a secret Hungarian Jacobin organization with the aim of starting a bourgeois revolution in Hungary and establishing a republic. However, his secret was leaked, and he was arrested by the police in July 1794, and executed the following year for high treason. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
1755‐95 ハンガリーの自然科学者,革命家。1773年ブダのフランシスコ会修道士,83年レンベルク大学の自然科学教授。91‐92年にウィーンの宮廷付化学者。自然科学,哲学の論文では唯物論,無神論を説く。政治的には,ウィーン時代にフランス革命のジャコバン思想の影響を受け,94年春にハンガリー・ジャコバンの秘密組織をつくって,ハンガリーにブルジョア革命を起こして共和国を樹立することを目ざした。しかし秘密がもれて,94年7月に警察につかまり,翌年大逆罪で処刑された。 出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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