The central organization for the United States' space development program, space development industry, and aeronautical research. It was established in October 1958 as a reorganization of the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA). It reports directly to the President. Its headquarters are in Washington, DC, and many affiliated organizations are located throughout the United States, including the Lewis Research Center, Johnson Space Center, Marshall Space Flight Center, and Kennedy Space Center. In terms of manned space flight programs, it successfully carried out the Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo programs in the 1960s and 1970s, and launched the Space Shuttle in the 1980s. It has also pioneered technological development in the fields of science, communications, broadcasting, and earth observation, and built the International Space Station (ISS) in the 1990s through international cooperation. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
アメリカ合衆国の宇宙開発計画および宇宙開発産業,航空研究などの中心機関。1958年10月アメリカ航空諮問委員会 National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics; NACAを改組して発足した。大統領の直属機関。本部はワシントンD.C.にあり,ルイス研究センター,ジョンソン宇宙センター,マーシャル宇宙飛行センター,ケネディ宇宙センターなど多くの付属機関がアメリカ各地に配置されている。有人宇宙飛行計画では 1960~70年代のマーキュリー計画,ジェミニ計画,アポロ計画を成功させ,1980年代にはスペースシャトルを就航させた。そのほか,科学,通信・放送,地球観測などの分野で先導的な技術開発を行ない,1990年代には国際協力によって国際宇宙ステーション International Space Station; ISSを建設した。
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