Gansui-do

Japanese: 含翠堂 - がんすいどう

...As the feudal crisis worsened, this became closely related to the feudal lord's educational policy to avoid it, and it also came to have the character of a school intended to educate the people. (3) was previously thought to be confused with (2), but a typical example is Kansuido in Hiranogo, Settsu Province, which was established in 1717 (Kyoho 2). This village school was established in an area where the peasant commodity economy had developed early, and was led by wealthy people who sensed the resulting intensification of the contradictions in feudal society. In order to deal with this situation, it started as a cultural circle movement that arose among the people with the aim of enlightening the people who were intellectually unequal, and then became a permanent school establishment activity. ...

From Hiranogo

...In 1697 (Genroku 10), the area had a sake brewery with a production of over 561 koku, and there were many commercial and industrial businesses. There was also literary activity centered around the upper classes, as seen in the Kuzen Shrine Renga-sho, and in 1717 (Kyoho 2), the head elder Dobashi Tomonao and others founded the local school Gansui-do, which carried out an educational campaign based on Confucianism. Cotton cultivation declined during the Meiji period, but Hirano Spinning was established, and the area became the economic center of the southern suburbs of Osaka.

*Some of the terminology explanations that refer to "Kansui-do" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…これは封建的危機が深刻化するにしたがって，その回避をはかるための領主の教化政策と密接に関係してくるようになり，民衆教化を意図する教諭所的性格を兼ねるにいたる。(3)は，従来(2)と混同して考えられていたが，1717年(享保2)に設立された摂津国平野郷含翠堂に典型的にみられる。この郷学は，農民的商品経済の早期に発達した地域で，それに伴う封建社会の矛盾の激化を感知した有志の富民層が中心となり，この事態に対処するために，知識的不平等におかれた民衆の啓蒙を意図して民間に発生した文化サークル運動から出発して，恒常的な学校設立の活動となったものである。…

【平野郷】より

…酒造も1697年(元禄10)造石株（ぞうこくかぶ）561石余があり，多くの商工業をもっていた。また上層民を中心に杭全神社連歌所にみられる文芸活動があり，1717年(享保2)には惣年寄土橋友直らが郷学の含翠堂（がんすいどう）を創立し儒学による教化運動を行った。明治期には綿作は衰退するが平野紡績などができ，大阪南郊の経済的中心となった。…

※「含翠堂」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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