A type of tricyclic antidepressant. It relieves the depressive state in patients with endogenous depression and reduces thinking ability and concentration. Its mechanism of action is thought to be to inhibit the reuptake of catecholamines and indoleamines, which are neurotransmitters released from neurons in the hypothalamus, limbic system, and reticular formation, thereby sustaining the activity of these neurotransmitters. It also has anticholinergic, antiserotonin, and antihistamine effects. It is also used to treat bedwetting. Side effects include dry mouth, constipation, and increased intraocular pressure due to the atropine effect, as well as orthostatic hypotension as a circulatory symptom. Extrapyramidal symptoms and jaundice may also occur. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
三還系抗うつ剤の一種。内因性うつ病患者の抑うつ状態を取除き,思考力や集中力を低下させる作用をする。作用機序は視床下部,辺縁系,網様体で神経細胞から遊離した神経伝達物質としてのカテコールアミン,インドールアミンの再取込みを抑制し,伝達物質の活性を持続させるものと考えられている。そのほか,抗コリン,抗セロトニン,抗ヒスタミン作用も認められている。夜尿症治療にも使われる。副作用にはアトロピン作用による口渇,便秘,眼圧亢進などや,循環器症状として起立性低血圧がある。ほかに錐体外路性症状や黄疸がみられることがある。
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