It is a transformation that operates on affine space. It can be expressed in coordinates as follows. Let x and y be n -dimensional vectors with components ( x1 , x2 , ..., xn ) and ( y1 , y2 , ..., yn ), A be an n- th order square matrix, and a be a constant vector. When the correspondence is expressed in the form y = Ax + a , that is, as a linear equation for the components of x , then is called an affine transformation. However, to ensure that is a one-to-one correspondence, we assume that the determinant of A is not zero. In an affine transformation, a is specifically called a parallel translation. When a is a zero vector, that is, the correspondence becomes an ordinary linear transformation. Affine transformations can also be characterized more intuitively as a bijection that transfers a straight line to a straight line, preserving the ratio of parallel line segments unchanged. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
アフィン空間に作用する変換である。座標で表現すれば次のようになる。いま,x および y を,成分 (x1,x2,…,xn) および (y1,y2,…,yn) をもつ n 次元ベクトル,A を n 次の正方行列,a を定ベクトルとする。対応 が y=Ax+a の形,すなわち x の成分に対する1次式で表わされるとき, をアフィン変換という。ただし, が一対一対応であることを保証するために,A の行列式が0でないと仮定する。アフィン変換で特に a を平行移動という。 a が零ベクトルの場合,すなわち,対応 は,普通の線形変換になる。アフィン変換は,より直感的な表現を用いれば,直線を直線に移し,平行な線分の比を不変に保つような全単射として特徴づけることもできる。
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