Aterui

A chieftain of the Emishi people from the end of the Nara period to the beginning of the Heian period. He was also known as Taimono Kimi Ateri. In 789 (8th year of the Enryaku era), he led a strong resistance against the Imperial Court's invasion of Isawa (southern Iwate Prefecture), causing great damage. However, following the successful capture of Isawa by Shogun Sakanoue no Tamuramaro, he surrendered in April 802 together with Bangu no Kimimore and 500 of his relatives. Tamuramaro pleaded for his life to be spared, but in August of the same year, he was executed together with Kimimore in Moriyama, Kawachi Province (some say that it is a mistake and that it is Sugiyama, and that it is Hirakata City, Osaka Prefecture). In the legends of Tamuramaro, the "bandit king Akuro" (see the Azuma Kagami, Bun'ei 5th year entry, etc.) appears as the chief of the Emishi tribe who was defeated by Tamuramaro, and is thought to be Aterui.

[Kumada Ryosuke]

"A Study on the Place Where the Emishi Commander Aterui and Mori were Killed, by Shin'eiyuu" (included in History and Traditions, edited by the 60th Birthday Memorial Committee for Professor Hino Akira, 1988, Nagata Bunshodo)" ▽ "The Three Emishi, by Imaizumi Takao" (included in The Development of the Ancient Japanese Nation, Vol. 1, edited by Kadowaki Teiji, 1995, Shibunkaku Publishing)" ▽ "Tamuramaro and Aterui, by Niino Naokichi (2007, Yoshikawa Kobunkan)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

奈良末から平安初頭の蝦夷(えみし)の族長。大墓公阿弖利為(たいものきみあてりい)ともいう。789年（延暦8）に胆沢(いさわ)（岩手県南部）を対象とする朝廷の征夷軍の侵攻に対し、強力な抵抗戦を指導して多大の損害を与えた。しかし、征夷大将軍坂上田村麻呂(さかのうえのたむらまろ)による胆沢攻略戦の成功に伴い、802年4月に盤具公母礼(ばんぐのきみもれ)および同族500人とともに降伏した。田村麻呂は助命を主張するが、同年8月、母礼とともに河内国(かわちのくに)杜山(もりやま)（椙山(すぎやま)の誤りとし大阪府枚方(ひらかた)市に比定する説もある）で処刑された。田村麻呂伝説に、田村麻呂に滅ぼされた蝦夷の族長として登場する「賊主悪路(あくろ)王」（『吾妻鏡(あずまかがみ)』文治5年条など）が、阿弖流為と考えられている。

［熊田亮介］

『神英雄著「蝦夷梟帥阿弖利為・母礼斬殺地に関する一考察」（日野昭先生還暦記念会編『歴史と伝承』所収・1988・永田文昌堂）』▽『今泉隆雄著「三人の蝦夷」（門脇禎二編『古代日本国家の展開　上』所収・1995・思文閣出版）』▽『新野直吉著『田村麻呂と阿弖流為』（2007・吉川弘文館）』

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