...This was the form that the Maratha Empire, which was established in the Deccan region of India in the late 17th century, took in the process of expanding its territory. It was a coalition of semi-independent Maratha princes with the Peshwa (victim) government of Pune (Poona) at its core, and lasted from 1708 to 1818. The founder of the kingdom was Shibaji, whose father was Shahaji Bhonsle, a military commander of the Adil Shahi Muslim kingdom that ruled the Deccan region in the 17th century. He made Pune his base, and while uniting the nobles and peasants of the Maharashtra region, he defeated the neighboring Muslim forces with skillful guerrilla tactics and also dealt with Aurangzeb of the Mughal Empire on an equal footing. In 1674, he became king (Catrapati) at the Raigarh Fort, laying the foundations of a great Hindu kingdom. ... From the Five Muslim Kingdoms…The five kingdoms that first gained independence were: (1) the Imād Shahi Kingdom (1484-1572) under Fathullah Imād-ul-Mulk, governor of Berar; (2) the 'Ādil Shahi Kingdom (1489-1686) under Yusuf Adil Khan, governor of Belgaum; (3) the Nizam Shahi Kingdom (1489-1636) under Ahmad bin Nizamul Mulk, governor of Daulatabad; and (4) the Qutb Shahi Kingdom (1512-1687) under Sultan Quli Qutb-ul-Mulk, governor of Telengana. (5) In the 1520s, when the Bahmani dynasty's royal line became extinct, Amir Barid, a vizier of the dynasty, established the Barid Shahi Kingdom (1528-1619), and thus the Five Kingdoms were established. *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Adil Shahi" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…17世紀後半からインドのデカン地方に成立したマラーター王国が領土を拡大していく過程でとった形態で,プネー(プーナ)のペーシュワー(宰相)政府を中核として半独立的マラーター諸侯が連合し,1708年から1818年まで続いた。 王国の創始者は,17世紀にデカン地方を支配したムスリム王国アーディル・シャーヒーの武将シャーハジー・ボーンスレーを父とするシバージーである。彼はプネーに本拠をおき,マハーラーシュトラ地方の豪族や農民を結集しつつ,巧みなゲリラ戦法で近隣のムスリム勢力を打破,またムガル朝アウラングゼーブとも対等に渡り合い,1674年にラーイガル山砦でみずから王(チャトラパティCatrapati)となり,一大ヒンドゥー王国の基礎を築いた。… 【ムスリム五王国】より…その五王国は次のとおりである。(1)ベラール州総督ファトフッラー・イマードル・ムルクのイマード・シャーヒー‘Imād Shāhī王国(1484‐1572),(2)ベルガウム州総督ユースフ・アーディル・ハーンのアーディル・シャーヒー‘Ādil Shāhī王国(1489‐1686),(3)ダウラターバード州総督のアフマド・ビン・ニザームル・ムルクのニザーム・シャーヒーNiẓām Shāhī王国(1489‐1636),(4)テレンガナ州総督スルタン・クリー・クトゥブル・ムルクのクトゥブ・シャーヒーQuṭb Shāhī王国(1512‐1687)の4王国がまず独立した。(5)バフマニー朝の王統が断絶した1520年代,同王朝の宰相家だったアミール・バリードがバリード・シャーヒーBarīd Shāhī王国(1528‐1619)を建て,ここに五王国が成立した。… ※「アーディル・シャーヒー」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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