Oral approach - Oral approach (English spelling)

Japanese: オーラル・アプローチ - おーらるあぷろーち(英語表記)oral approach
Oral approach - Oral approach (English spelling)

This is a foreign language teaching principle proposed by Charles C. Fries (1887-1967), the first director of the English Institute at the University of Michigan in the United States. It was introduced in Japan in 1956 (Showa 31). "Oral" refers to the learning goal of enabling learners to make oral presentations, while "approach" refers to the path that includes everything necessary to achieve that goal.

Based on American structural linguistics, and from the viewpoint that language is spoken, not written, the aim is to acquire the sound system and grammatical structure within a very limited range of vocabulary, and to make it an automatic habit. It is characterized by the use of teaching materials that reflect the results of scientific comparative research between the learner's native language and the language being studied.

In addition, techniques such as imitation memory practice and sentence pattern practice (pattern practice) are used to embody this principle.

[Naomi Kakita]

[References] | English Education

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

アメリカのミシガン大学英語研究所の初代所長であったフリーズCharles C. Fries(1887―1967)が提唱した外国語教授法の原理をいう。わが国には1956年(昭和31)導入された。「オーラル」は、学習者が口頭で発表できるようにという学習目標を、「アプローチ」は、目標を達成するために必要なあらゆるものを含む道筋を、それぞれさしている。

 アメリカ構造言語学を基礎に置き、言語は音声であって書かれたものではないとの観点から、ごく限られた範囲の語彙(ごい)のなかで音体系、文法構造を習得し、それが自動的習慣となることを目ざす。学習者の母国語と学習する言語との科学的比較研究による成果を反映させた教材を使用するところに特色がある。

 また、この原理を具体化するための技術として、模倣記憶練習、文型練習(パターン・プラクティスpattern practice)などを用いる。

[垣田直巳]

[参照項目] | 英語教育

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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