Reizei-in Temple

Built by Emperor Saga during the Kōnin era (810-824) as a Goin (the palace the emperor planned to live in after abdicating), this is a representative residence of the time. It was originally written as Reizen-in. It occupied an area of ​​two square blocks on the west side of the Horikawa River south of Oinomikado in Heian-kyō (Nakagyo Ward, Kyoto City), and had a sleeping quarter and fishing platforms on the east and west sides of a pond. It was considered the emperor's Watariryo (hereditary property), and land was granted to the emperor to maintain the palace. Emperors such as Ninmyo, Montoku, Yozei, Reizei, and Goreizei used it as a Goin or Satodairi, and Emperor Montoku died here. It was burned down in 875 (Jogan 17) and 949 (Tenryaku 3), and when it was rebuilt, the name was changed to "Izumi" because "zen" sounds similar to "moe." It was later rebuilt after a fire in 970 (Tenroku 1), but fell into decline when the buildings were moved to make way for the construction of Ichijo-in Temple in 1055 (Tenki 3), and small houses and other buildings were built on the site.

[Sanae Yoshida]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

嵯峨(さが)天皇が弘仁(こうにん)年間（810～824）に後院(ごいん)（天皇が譲位後の居所に予定した御所）として造営した当時の代表的な邸宅。初めは冷然院と書いた。平安京の大炊御門(おおいのみかど)南堀川西（京都市中京(なかぎょう)区）に2町四方の地を占め、寝殿などのほか池の東西に釣台(つりだい)があった。天皇の渡領(わたりりょう)（世襲財産）とされ、院の維持のために所領が付された。仁明(にんみょう)、文徳(もんとく)、陽成(ようぜい)、冷泉(れいぜい)、後冷泉などの天皇が後院、里内裏(さとだいり)とし、文徳天皇はここで没している。875年（貞観17）、949年（天暦3）と焼失したため、再興の際、「然」が「燃」に通じるとして、「泉」に改めた。その後も970年（天禄1）に火災にあい再興されたが、1055年（天喜3）に一条院造営のために建物が移されたために衰亡、敷地には小住宅などが建てられていった。

［吉田早苗］

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