Amyl nitrite - Amyl nitrite

Japanese: 亜硝酸アミル - あしょうさんあみる
Amyl nitrite - Amyl nitrite

Chemically, it is used as a general term for nitrite esters of amyl alcohol isomers, such as n -amyl nitrite CH3CH2CH2CH2ONO and isoamyl nitrite (CH3)2CHCH2CH2ONO , but in medicine, it is used as the common name for isoamyl nitrite. Amyl nitrite is a coronary vasodilator that has been used as an emergency medicine for angina attacks since the 19th century. It is a pale yellow liquid with a fruity scent, and is sold commercially in thin, tubular ampoules containing 0.25 milliliters. During an attack, the ampoule is broken, absorbed into gauze, and inhaled by applying it to the tip of the nose. The amount used at one time is 0.2 milliliters, and the maximum approved dosage is 0.25 milliliters at one time. It is a highly toxic drug. It acts within 30 seconds and its effect lasts for about 5 to 10 minutes. Nitroglycerin and isosorbide dinitrate are mainly used for angina attacks at present.

[Fumiji Koho]

[References] | Nitrite | Esters | Nitroglycerin | Pentanol

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

化学的には亜硝酸-n-アミルCH3CH2CH2CH2ONOや亜硝酸イソアミル(CH3)2CHCH2CH2ONOなど、アミルアルコール異性体の亜硝酸エステルの総称として用いられるが、医薬面では亜硝酸イソアミルの通称名として使われる。亜硝酸アミルは冠血管拡張剤で、19世紀以来、狭心症発作の救急薬として使われてきた。淡黄色で果実のような香りを有する液体で、細い管状のアンプルに0.25ミリリットル入ったものが市販されている。発作時に、アンプルを割り、ガーゼに吸収させて鼻先にあてて吸入する。1回の使用量は0.2ミリリットル、承認投与量の上限は1回0.25ミリリットル。劇薬。30秒以内に作用し、5~10分くらい効果が持続する。なお、狭心症発作には現在おもにニトログリセリンや硝酸イソソルビドが使われている。

[幸保文治]

[参照項目] | 亜硝酸 | エステル | ニトログリセリン | ペンタノール

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

<<:  Nitrite bacteria - Aso San Reikin

>>:  Lord Ashley - Ashleykyo

Recommend

Nonviolent resistance

…This was a glorious victory for nonviolent resis...

Dry lubrication

…Most oil pumps use a forced oil supply system, w...

Yerma - Yerma

…After the Second Republic was established in 193...

Hitoshi Imamura

1886-1968 A military officer from the Meiji to Sh...

General Law of Japan - Ippankokugaku

…He also served as a member of the Zurich Senate,...

Gathering - Shuugou

When clearly defined objects such as desks and ch...

Pollock, Jackson

Born January 28, 1912 in Cody, Wyoming [Died] Augu...

Murrumbidgee River

A river in the southeast of Australia, in the sout...

Belgica Prima (English spelling) BelgicaPrima

…Caesar speaks of the Belgae's bravery, but t...

Resonance curve

…When a graph is drawn with the angular frequency...

Acetobacter pasteurianum

…[Tsubaki Keisuke]. . . *Some of the terminology ...

Bṛhat‐saṃhitā

This is a book of divination consisting of 107 cha...

Tar [mountain] - Tar

An active volcano in southern Luzon, Philippines. ...

Hamasaka [town] - No way

A former town in Mikata County facing the Sea of ​...

Yuki Chikatomo

The year of death is estimated. A military comman...