Arcane - Arcane

Japanese: アーカニエ - あーかにえ
Arcane - Arcane

... In terms of language and customs, Russians in the strict sense are broadly divided into Northern Great Russians, Southern Great Russians, and Central Great Russians, who are in between the two and live in the area between the Volga and Oka rivers, including Moscow. One of the characteristics of the Southern Great Russian dialect is aka'e (pronounced as 'a' for the unaccented vowel 'o'), which contrasts with the Northern Great Russian dialect's oka'e (pronounced as 'o'). The Central Great Russian dialect is closer to the Southern dialect in terms of aka'e, but shares some of the characteristics of the Northern dialect. ...

From [Russian]

…This language is called Middle Russian. Reflecting the positional omission and transformation into o and e that had already occurred in Old Russian in the 12th and 13th centuries, Middle Russian had closed syllables, the so-called contrast between hard and soft consonants and voiceless and voiced consonants was established, and the phenomenon of akan'e, in which the distinction between o and a disappeared in unaccented positions, occurred. In grammar, duals and vocatives disappeared, and the tense forms of verbs became closer to the modern system, and all the characteristics of modern languages ​​began to appear. Peter I, who established an absolutist monarchy at the end of the 17th century, carried out a character reform in the early 18th century as part of modernization, and decided that all books except for those for churches should be printed using the newly established 33-letter alphabet and a simple orthography based on it (Russian alphabet). …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Arcanie" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

… 狭義のロシア人は言語や習俗の点で北部大ロシア人と南部大ロシア人,さらにその中間でボルガ川とオカ川に挟まれたモスクワを含む地域の中部大ロシア人に大別される。南部大ロシア方言の特徴の一つは〈アーカニエakan’e〉(アクセントのない位置の母音〈o〉を〈ア〉と発音する)で,北部大ロシア方言の〈オーカニエokan’e〉(同上の〈o〉を〈オ〉と発音する)と対立している。中部大ロシア方言は〈アーカニエ〉の点では南部方言に近いが,北部方言の特徴の一部を共有している。…

【ロシア語】より

…この言語を中期ロシア語Middle Russianと呼ぶ。すでに12~13世紀に古期ロシア語で生じたとの位置による脱落と母音o,eへの転化を反映して,中期ロシア語では閉音節が生じ,子音のいわゆる硬軟の対立と無声有声の対立が確立したほか,アクセントのない位置で母音oとaの区別がなくなるアーカニエakan’eの現象が生じ,また,文法面でも双数や呼格が消失し,動詞の時称形も現代の体系に近づくなど,すべてにおいて現代語の特徴が表れるようになった。 17世紀末に絶対主義帝政を確立したピョートル1世は,近代化の一環として18世紀初頭に文字改革を断行し,教会用図書以外はすべて新しく制定された33字母のアルファベットとそれによる簡便な正書法によって印刷すべきこととした(ロシア文字)。…

※「アーカニエ」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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