The Australopithecus Problem

Japanese: アウストラロピテクス類問題 - あうすとらろぴてくするいもんだい
The Australopithecus Problem


[Systematic relationship]
Discussions about the phylogenetic relationships between Australopithecus afarensis, Delicate Australopithecus, Robust Australopithecus, and Habilis man, who are distinguished mainly on the morphological characteristics of fossils, are extremely complicated, and no consensus has been reached. Historically, the oldest debate has been about the so-called Australopithecines problem, which concerns the relationship between Delicate Australopithecines and Robust Australopithecines. For example, the view that the former made and used tools and began to hunt and eat meat, while the latter lived a primitive life that relied on plant foods (there has even been a dramatic view that the former wiped out the latter using weapons), but there have been counterarguments or cautious views that there is no evidence to support such a distinction between the two lives.

*Some of the terminology that refers to the "Australopithecus problem" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:


【系統関係】
 化石の形態的特徴を中心にして区別されているアファール猿人,きゃしゃな猿人,がんじょうな猿人,ならびにハビリス人の間の系統関係の論議ははなはだ複雑であり,統一見解は成立していない。歴史的に最も古くから論じられてきたのは,いわゆるアウストラロピテクス類問題であり,きゃしゃな猿人とがんじょうな猿人との関係をめぐるものである。たとえば,前者は道具を製作,使用し,狩猟による肉食を始めていたが,後者は植物食にたよる原始的生活をしていたという見方(前者が後者を,武器を使って滅ぼしたという劇的な見方すら出された)に対して,両者の生活をそこまで区別する証拠はないとする反論ないし慎重論が出されてきた。…

※「アウストラロピテクス類問題」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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