Born: November 4, 1933 in Shanghai [Died] September 23, 2018. A physicist born in Hong Kong, China. Full name Charles Kuen Kao. He holds both American and British citizenship. He graduated from the University of London in 1957, and worked at Standard Telecommunications Cable Laboratories (STL), a British subsidiary of the American telecommunications company ITT, from 1957 until 1960, when he became a senior researcher at STL. He received his PhD in Electrical Engineering from the University of London in 1965. He was a professor at the Chinese University of Hong Kong from 1970 to 1974, and later served as deputy director of the optoelectronics department at ITT from 1981. He was president of the Chinese University of Hong Kong from 1987 to 1996. He was awarded the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in 1993, and the Japan Prize in 1996. In 2009, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics (→Nobel Prize) along with Willard Boyle and George E. Smith for the development of important technologies related to optical digital technology. Kao was recognized for theoretically proving that by using fused silica glass, which is free of impurities that absorb or scatter light, it is possible to transmit light over long distances of several kilometers with reduced loss, thereby laying the foundation for the optical fibers used in fiber optic communications. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
[生]1933.11.4. 上海 [没]2018.9.23. ホンコン 中国生まれの物理学者。フルネーム Charles Kuen Kao。アメリカ合衆国とイギリスの市民権をもつ。1957年ロンドン大学を卒業,1957年からアメリカの通信会社 ITTのイギリス子会社スタンダード通信ケーブル研究所 STLに勤務,1960年に STL主任研究員となる。1965年ロンドン大学で電気工学の工学博士号を取得した。1970~74年に香港中文大学教授を務めたのち,ITTで 1981年から光電子技術部門副所長を務めた。1987~96年,香港中文大学学長。1993年に大英帝国三等勲功章 CBEを受章,1996年に日本国際賞を受賞。2009年,光デジタル技術にかかわる重要な技術を開発した功績により,ウィラード・ボイルならびにジョージ・E.スミスとともにノーベル物理学賞(→ノーベル賞)を受賞した。カオは,光を吸収したり散乱したりする不純物のない溶融石英ガラスを使えば,キロメートル単位の長距離でも損失を低減させながら光を送ることができることを理論的に示し,光ファイバ通信に使われている光ファイバの基礎をつくったことが評価された。 出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報 |
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