Whig

…The origin of the modern political party is often traced back to the struggle between the pro-Royalist Tories and their opponents, the Whigs, under the reign of Charles II. As the names of the two factions were used as derogatory terms to criticize each other, likening them to the Irish Tories and Whigs, parties were often seen as a sign of vice that prioritized personal interests and enthusiasm over loyalty to the king and the kingdom, and the boundary between opposition parties and rebellion sometimes became ambiguous. The origin of the modern prime minister is somewhat later, and is often traced back to R. Walpole, a powerful politician in the early 18th century. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Whig" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…近代政党partyの起源も同じチャールズ治下の，親王権派トーリーと，これに対抗するホイッグの抗争に求められることが多い。両派の名称が，互いに相手をアイルランドの追剝(Tory)や狂信的反徒(Whig)になぞらえ非難する蔑称として用いられた事実が示すように，パーティは私益や熱狂を国王，王国に対する忠誠に優越させる悪徳の現れとみられがちで，反対党と反逆との境界は時としてあいまいになった。近代の首相prime ministerの起源はこれらに多少遅れ，18世紀前半の有力政治家R.ウォルポールに求められることが多い。…

※「Whig」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報