Weltgeist

...Herder had a deep interest in national spiritual culture, especially folk and regional languages ​​and poetry, and presented the idea of ​​viewing human history as a universal history leading to the perfection of the human spirit, using concepts such as the "spirit of nations" and the "genius of nations" to indicate the "spirit of ages." Furthermore, Hegel considered the "national spirit" (which also became the "national spirit" with the formation of modern nation-states) to be a manifestation of the universal "world spirit Weltgeist" in the various stages of the development of human history (world history), and clarified the historical and time-bound nature of the national spirit. In this way, the view was established that the existence of a zeitgeist, which expresses the spirit of a certain era = the characteristics of culture, exists where the universal human spirit is embodied in a specific, historical reality. ...

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Weltgeist" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…ヘルダーは，民族的な精神文化，とくに民俗的，地方的な言語や詩に深い関心を寄せるとともに，人類史を人間精神の完成に向かう普遍的歴史としてとらえる考え方を提示し，〈もろもろの時代の精神〉を示す〈諸民族の精神〉，〈諸民族の天才〉などの概念を用いた。さらに，ヘーゲルは，〈民族精神〉(近代国民国家の形成にともない〈国民精神〉ともなる)を，人類史(世界史)の発展の諸段階における普遍的な〈世界精神Weltgeist〉の顕現と考え，民族精神の歴史的，時代制約的性格を明確にした。こうして，普遍的な人間精神が特殊的，歴史的現実に具現するところに，ある時代の精神＝文化の特徴を表す時代精神の存在をみる見方が確立される。…

※「Weltgeist」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報