Christian Iconography

Japanese: キリスト教図像 - きりすときょうずぞう
Christian Iconography

…The name “icon” comes from the Greek word eikon, pronounced in ancient times and ikon since the Middle Ages, and originally meant “portrait,” “likeness,” or “image to be held in one’s mind.” This word was often used to describe holy images from the early Christian period, and so came to mean Christian iconography in a broad sense. However, in general, it refers to the narrower sense of the word, that is, to the panel painting style of holy images mentioned at the beginning. …

From [Iconography]

…In the early modern period in the West, a collection of symbols and allegories was given this name (C. Ripa, Iconologia, 1593). With the discovery of early Christian art in the early modern period, such as catacomb wall paintings, efforts to collect and interpret Christian iconography began, and Jesuit monks eventually joined in during the Counter-Reformation. It went into temporary decline during the Enlightenment, but was revived with the rise of Romanticism, and the compilation and study of Christian iconography has been the mainstream of Western iconographic research up to the present day. …

*Some of the terminology that refers to "Christian iconography" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…〈イコン〉の名称は,古代にはエイコーン,中世以来イコンと発音されるギリシア語に由来し,〈肖像〉〈似姿〉〈心に思う像〉などがもとの意味である。この語が初期キリスト教時代の聖像を語る際にもしばしば用いられたところから,広義においてキリスト教図像全般を意味するようになった。しかし一般には,狭義の,すなわちはじめに述べた板絵形式の聖画像を指す。…

【図像学】より

…西洋近世には象徴・寓意像(アレゴリー)の集成がこの名で呼ばれた(C.リーパ《イコノロジア》1593)。近世における,カタコンベ壁画など初期キリスト教美術の発見を機として,キリスト教図像の収集・解釈の努力が始まり,やがて反宗教改革期にはイエズス会修道士らもこれに加わった。啓蒙主義の時代には一時退潮したが,ロマン主義の台頭とともに復興し,キリスト教図像の編纂,研究は現代に至るまで,西欧の図像学研究の主流を成してきた。…

※「キリスト教図像」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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