…In contrast, there is the Smṛti (sacred tradition), a group of texts that are said to have been written by the sages themselves. It includes various types of texts, but the Vedāṅga is particularly important as a text related to the Vedas. It was established as a supplementary study to help understand the Vedas as they developed, and consists of six parts: (1) śikṣā (phonetics), (2) Kalpa-sūtra (ritual studies), (3) vyākaraṇa (grammar), (4) nirukta (etymology), (5) chandas (metrics), and (6) jyotiṣa (astronomy). The Kalpa-sūtra is particularly important for understanding the actual Brahmanic rituals. As with most things in ancient India, it is nearly impossible to determine the date of the Vedas. … *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "vyākaraṇa" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…これに対して,聖仙が自ら叙述したものとされる文献群として〈スムリティsmṛti(聖伝)〉があり,さまざまな種類の文献を含むが,〈ベーダ〉に関連したものとしてとくに重要であるのが〈ベーダーンガvedāṅga〉である。これは〈ベーダ〉文献の発達に伴い,その理解を助けるための補助学として成立したもので,(1)シクシャーśikṣā(音声学),(2)カルパ・スートラ(祭式学),(3)ビヤーカラナvyākaraṇa(文法学),(4)ニルクタnirukta(語源学),(5)チャンダスchandas(韻律学),(6)ジョーティシャjyotiṣa(天文学)の6部分より成るが,とくにカルパ・スートラは,バラモン教祭式の実際を知るうえできわめて重要である。 ベーダの成立年代は,古代インドの事がらの常として,これを確定することは不可能に近い。… ※「vyākaraṇa」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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