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Japanese: vedute

…He was born in Venice and spent most of his life there. Following in his father's footsteps, he started out as a painter of stage scenery, but from around 1720 he became a painter of vedute (cityscapes), a new genre that was emerging in Rome and Venice at the time, and achieved great success. His many Venetian landscapes, painted with accurate perspective, meticulous detail, and a keen sense of the effects of light and air, are characterized by a photographic realism and capture the clear and magnificent atmosphere of the city. …

From [Guardi]

…Italian painter. Born into a family of Venetian painters, he spent the first half of his life working as a collaborator for his older brother Giovanni Antonio Guardi (1698/99-1760), a portrait painter. After his brother's death, he began to paint mainly Venetian "vedute" (cityscapes). He is considered to be on a par with Canaletto as one of the leading landscape painters of 18th-century Venice, and there is also a theory that he was Canaletto's pupil. …

From [Pannini]

…In 1818, he decorated the Villa Patrizzi. From this time on, he became known as a painter of vedute (cityscapes), which depicted realistic landscapes, and also painted fantastical ruins, which influenced the later Piranesi. On the other hand, he painted festivals and celebrations in a documentary style. …

From 【Landscape Painting】

...Dutch landscape painting (e.g. Ruisdael, Hobbema) generally tries to express a sense of reality and infinity by setting the horizon low, whereas the Spanish landscape paintings (e.g. Rubens) that remained in the Catholic Netherlands followed the Italian ideal landscape style, which set the horizon high and used the large ground space created as a setting for the development of the story, and Rembrandt's Dutch landscape paintings are close to this. Vermeer also used a camera obscura to determine the composition of his masterpiece "View of Delft," a technique that was favored by 18th-century cityscape (vedute) artists such as Guardi, Canaletto, and the printmaker Piranesi. However, it was England that dominated the development of Western landscape painting in the 18th and early 19th centuries, and Claude Lorrain's great love for pastoral landscapes first gave birth to Gainsborough, and somewhat later to Constable and Turner. Constable turned to realistic depictions reminiscent of 17th century Dutch landscape painting, while Turner, who loved waterfront scenes, produced many masterpieces, including Venetian landscapes that could be described as symphonic poems of light and color, eventually paving the way for Monet's Impressionism.

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "vedute" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…ベネチアに生まれ，生涯のほとんどを同地ですごす。父親にならって舞台背景の画家として出発するが，1720年ころから，当時ローマとベネチアで台頭した新分野，〈ベドゥーテvedute(都市景観図)〉の画家として活動，多大な成功を収めた。正確な遠近法，綿密な細部描写，光や空気の効果に対する鋭敏な感覚をもって描かれた数多いベネチア風景は，写真的な迫真性を特徴とし，清朗華麗なこの都市の雰囲気をよくとらえている。…

【グアルディ】より

…イタリアの画家。ベネチアの画家一家に生まれ，人物画家である兄ジョバンニ･アントニオGiovanni Antonio Guardi(1698か99‐1760)の協力者として前半生を過ごし，兄の死後，ベネチアの〈ベドゥーテvedute〉(都市景観図)を主として描くようになる。18世紀ベネチアの代表的風景画家としてカナレットと並び称せられ，その弟子という説もある。…

【パンニーニ】より

…18年ビラ･パトゥリッツィを装飾。このころから実景を描く〈ベドゥーテvedute〉(都市景観図)の画家として知られ，また幻想的な廃虚も描き，のちのピラネージに影響を及ぼす。一方で祝祭や祝典をドキュメント風に描く。…

【風景画】より

…オランダの風景画(例，ロイスダール，ホッベマ)は概して地平線を低くとって現実感や無限感を表現しようとするに対し，カトリック圏にとどまったスペイン領ネーデルラントのそれ(例，ルーベンス)は地平線を高くし，そこに生ずる大きな地面空間を物語展開の場とするイタリア的理想風景の形式を踏襲しており，オランダでもレンブラントの風景画はそれに近い。またフェルメールは傑作《デルフトの眺望》において暗箱(カメラ･オブスキュラ)により構図を決めており，この手法はグアルディ，カナレット，また版画家ピラネージ等18世紀の都市景観図(ベドゥーテvedute)作家により愛用された。　しかし18～19世紀前半の西洋の風景画発展の主流をなしたのはイギリスで，クロード･ロランの牧歌的風景画への大きな愛好はまずゲーンズバラ，やや遅れてコンスタブル，ターナーらを生み，コンスタブルは17世紀のオランダ風景画を思わせる現実描写へ，また水辺の景色を愛したターナーは光と色の交響詩ともいうべきベネチア風景その他多くの佳作を描き，やがてモネの印象派へと道を開くのである。…

※「vedute」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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